2024年4月10日发(作者：nvidia驱动)

知识点总结B1M5

高中英语必修1（外研版）

Unit 5 A Lesson in a Lab

知识点总结

一、重点词汇

expand

expand vi. 膨胀；张开，伸展；详述

Metals expand when they are heated.

Would you expand upon the matter a little further? 请你再进

一步谈谈这件事好吗?

Our foreign trade has expanded during recent years. 近年来

我们的对外贸易有所增加。

1. expansion n. 扩展，扩大；展开

The suburbs are an expansion of cities.

郊区是城市的延伸。

2. expansive adj. 扩张性的；滔滔不绝的；广阔的

As a new material, its prospective will be more expansive in

the future.

作为一种新型材料，它的发展前景十分广阔。

After she'd had a few drinks, Mary became very expansive.

玛丽喝了几杯酒，话就滔滔不绝了。

contract

1. contract n. 合同；契约

Our school will make/sign a contract with the company.

我们学校会与那家公司签合同。

2. contract v.使收缩；签订合同；

Metal contracts as it cools.

金属遇冷会收缩。

substance

substance n. 物质；实质；内容；重要性

No matter what substance it may be, it is made up of atom.

不管这是什么物质，都由原子构成。

Salt is a substance we use in cooking.

盐是我们做菜时用的东西。

This argument has some substance.

这项争论具有一定的重要性。

substance/ material/matter

这组词都可表示“物质”。其区别在于:

1. matter 泛指构成客观物体或宇宙的所有物质。在物理学上指由

很少的几种基本粒子构成的物质；在哲学上则指与mind（意识）相对

的物质。如:

Matter occupies space.

物质占据空间。

2. material 和substance都可指构成或制作某物的材料或零件，

material特指人造制品的制作原料，substance则指某种可使某物具

有某种特性的特殊物质。如:

The tips of matches are covered with chemical substance.

火柴头上包着一层化学物质。

3. material 还可指文学创作的素材，而其他的词却无此义。如:

He is now collecting material for a biography of Du Fu.

他正在为写作杜甫传记而收集资料。

The country has to import most of its raw material.

这个国家原料大部分靠进口。

mixture

mixture n. 混合物

1. mix v. 混合；弄混

We can sometimes mix business with pleasure.

我们有时能把工作和娱乐结合起来。

Many women successfully mix marriage and career.