2024年3月3日发(作者：小米10至尊版参数配置)

演奏指示Performance Directions

( but not as quick as allegro )

quick( cheerful )

如歌唱似的风格

渐强

从头再奏

回到记号“渐弱

渐弱

结束处

强，响亮

很强

圆滑地

慢

一半(适中)

中强

中弱

中速

( allegro moderato:适中的快板)

弱

很弱

少许，稍

渐慢

渐慢

ritenuto/riten.

staccato/state.

tempo

（二）演奏符号

”处再奏

一级：

（一）演奏术语

accelerando/accel. at a walking pace

Adagio in a singing style

Allegretto gradually getting louder

allegro repeat from the beginning

andante

repeat from the sign

cantabile becoming gradually softer

crescendo/cresc. becoming gradually softer

da capo/D.C. the end

dal segno/D.S. loud

decrescendo/decresc. very loud

dimimmndo/dim. smoothly

fine slow

( =forte )

(=fortissimo)

legato

lento

mezzo

(=mezzo forte )

( =mezzo piano )

moderato

p(=piano)

pp(=pianissimo)

poco

rallentando/rall.

ritardando/ritard./rit.

gradually getting quicker

slow(at ease )

fairly quick

half( moderately )

moderately loud

moderately quiet

moderately

( allegro moderato ; moderately quick )

quiet

very quiet

a little , slightly

gradually getting slower

gradually getting slower

逐渐加快

慢(舒适)

稍快

(但不及allegro快)

快(欢乐)，快板

如行走般的速度

held back ( immediately

slowing down )

detached

speed，time

( a tempo : in time )

gradually getting louder

(=crescendo)

gradually getting quieter

(=diminuendo/decrescendo)

detached(=staccato )

accent

pause on the note (or rest)

( =fermata )

repeat marks: at the second

sign，

repeat the music from the first

sign(if

the first sign is left out, repeat

from the

beginning )

tie: a curved line joining two

notes of

the same pitch into a single

sustained

sound

slur: perform the notes

smoothly

( a curved line over or under two or

more different notes )

突然慢(立即放慢)

断音，断奏

速度，时间

(a tempo:回复到原来的速度)

渐强(=crescendo)

渐弱（=diminuendo/decrescendo)

断音，断奏(=staccato )

重音

延长号。将音符(或休止符)的时

值延长(=fermata )

反复记号。在第二个记号处，

音乐从第一个记号处开始重

复(如乐曲没有第一个记号，

音乐是从乐曲的开始处重复)

连线:将两个有相同音高的音

连结成一个音的弧线

连线:圆滑地演奏各音(置于两

个或一组音符的上方或下方

的弧线)

octave ( =ottava )

perform an octave higher

( written over a note or notes )

perform an octave lower

( written under a note or notes)

a

al, alla

allargando

andantino

assai

con , col

dolce

e,ed

espressivo

(espress./espr.)

(=fortepiano)

giocoso

grave

grazioso

larghetto

largo

ma

maestoso

76 crotchet beats in a minute

( short for Maelzel' s Metronome )

八度(=ottava)

升高一个八度演奏

(写在一个或多个音符的上方)

降低一个八度演奏

(写在一个或多个音符的下方)

每分钟奏76个四分音符

(M.M.是Maelzel’s Metronome

(拍节机)的简称

（一）演奏术语

二级：

meno

molto

mosso

in the style of, for, at, with,in

a cappella: in the style of

chapel

a due : for two performers

a piacere : at pleasure

but

majestic

less

much , very

moved

( meno mosso : less moved )

以……风格、由、按照、用、按

a cappella:以(无伴奏的)教堂风格演奏

十分，很

活动的

( meno mosso:稍慢)

moto

non

presto

senza

(=sforzando/sforzato )

simile/sim.

sostenuto

tenuto

troppo

vivace , vwo

（二）演奏符号

movement

( con moto : with movement )

not

more

(faster than allegro)

without

accented,forced

in the same way

sustained

a puma d' arco : with the point

a due:由两位表演者演奏(唱)

of the bow

a tempo ; in time

in the manner of, to the

( alla marcia : in the style of a

march )

a piacere:按照表演者的和之所至地处理

a puma d'arco:用弓尖演奏

a tempo:按原来的速度

以……风格，至

( alla marcia:进行曲风格)

broadening(getting slower and

宽广的(渐慢及渐强)

louder)

slightly faster than andante

very(allegro assai : very quick )

with

soft, sweet

and

expressive

first loudly, then immediately

soft

playful , merry

solemn,very slow

graceful

quite slow(but not as slow as

largo)

slow, stately

比行板(andante )稍快

非常，很(allegro assai:很快)

用，含有

温柔地，甜蜜地

和，以及

有表情地

先强然后立即转弱

嬉戏的，快乐的

严肃的，极缓慢的

优雅的

颇慢的，(但比广板largo稍快)

慢的，庄严的

但是

华贵的，堂皇的

少些

held

too much

( non troppo : not too much )

lively , quick

the note should be held for its

full time-value ,

and generally slightly

detached(=tenuto)

the note should be played as

short as possible

and perhaps accented too

( =staccatissimo)

accented

stronger accent(usually

stronger than> )

the notes should be slightly

separated

(=mezzo-staccato/semi-staccato )

活动

( con moto:稍快)

不是

更多地

快(比快板allegro更快)

没有，去除

重音，加强地

( =sforzando/sforzato )

如前的方式演奏

持续的

保持(要奏足该音的时值)

太多

( non troppo:不太多)

有生气的，轻快的

要奏足该音符的时值，各音之

间稍间歇(=tenuto)

短断音，发音比一般断音更短

促，有时还有重音的意思

( =staccatissimo)

重音

强重音(力度通常比>更强)

半断音，即音符需要略微断开

(=mezzo-staccato/semi-staccato)

演奏术语

adagietto

ad libitum,ad lib.

agitato

alla breve

.

amore

anima

animato

ben

brio

comodo

deciso

delicato

energico

forza

largamente

leggiero

marcato . marc..

marziale

mesto

pesante

prima, primo

risoluto

ritmico

rubato ,

tempo rubato

rather slow(but faster than adagio)

optional or at will

agitated

with each beat as a minim( or

instead of )

love ( amoroso : loving )

soul, spirit(con anima: with feeling/

spirited )

animated , lively( animando : becoming

more lively )

well

vigour(con brio : with vigour, lively )

convenient(tempo comodo:at a tom-

fortable speed )

with determination

delicate

energetic

force

broadly

light

marked,accented

三级：

martial , war-like

sad

heavy

first

bold, strong

rhythmically

with some freedom of time

稍慢(但比adagio略快)

随意处理

激动地

以二分音符作为一拍(以

或

代替 )

爱情(amoroso:富于爱意地)

勇敢的、尚武的

忧伤的

强力的

第一

勇敢、刚强的

富于节奏感地

自由的速度

scherzando,scherzoso

seconda,secondo

semplice

sempre

stringendfl

subito

tanto

简单、朴素的

持续地

逐渐加快速度

突然地

许多、太多

平静的

忧伤、悲痛的

次、遍(prima volta:第一次;

seconda volta:第二次)

四级：

(一)音乐术语和符号Musical terms and sig只用于某些特定乐器上的术语和符号。

con sordini,con sord.

1.用于弦乐器和铜管乐器上的演奏提示

senza sordini，senza sord.

arco

pizzicato, pizz.

sul G

sul ponticello

2.用于弦乐器上的演奏提示

心灵、精神(con anima:有感情

tranquillo

地/生气勃勃地)

活泼地(animando:更加活泼地)

很好

活力(con brio:有活力地)

舒适的(tempo comodo:舒适的

速度)

决断、有决心地

优美的、精致的

富于精力的

力量

广阔地

轻、轻巧的

强调、有力地

triste ,tristamente

volta

playful,joking

second

simple , plain

always

gradually getting faster

suddenly

so much

calm

sad , sorrowful

time(prama volta:first time;

seconda volta: second time)

幽默、诙谐的

第二

3.用于钢琴的演奏提示

una corda ( u.c.)

tre )

mano

mano destra(m.d.)

mano sinistra ( m.s.)

(二)意大利文术语

affettuoso

affrettando

with mutes

without mutes

play with the bow(a direction

after pizzicato )

down bow

up bow

a slur over or under two or

more

affectionate,with tenderness

hurrying

加上弱音器

除去弱音器

用弓拉奏(在pizzicat。之后所

用的指示)

下弓

上弓

在音符上面或下面的弧线，表

come prima

come sopra

facile

fuoco

giusto

I’ istesso

I’ istesso tempo

morendo

niente

nobilmente

perdendosi

possibile

quasi

sonoro

sopra

sotto

sotto voce

veloce

voce

amiable , pleasant

with passion

becoming softer and slower

singing

as , similar to

as before

as above

easy

notes meaning that they are to

示那些音符要以一弓拉完

be

played with one stroke of the

bow

plucked

on the G string

near the bridge

拨弦

在G弦上

在靠近琴马的位置处演奏

(直泽:一根弦)踏下左边(弱音)

踏板

(直译:三根弦)放开芍立(弱音)

( literally : one string )press the

踏板

left

( soft ) pedal

( literally : three

strings )release the

left( soft )pedal

lease the right

( sustaining ) pedal

hand

right hand

left hand

spread the notes of a chord

quickly,

starting from the bottom note

踏下……放开右边(延音)踏板

手

右手

左手

由最低的音开始，快速地先后

奏出和弦中各音

富于感情的，温柔的

加快的

amabile

appassionato

calando

cantando

come

(三)法文术语

fire

proper,

tempo giusto : in strict time

the same

at the same speed、

dying away

nothing

nobly

dying away

possible

presto possibile : as fast as

possible

as if , almost

sonorous,resonant

above

below

in an undertone

swift

voice

亲切的，令人愉快的

充满激情地

渐弱及渐慢

如歌的

好像，如同

跟前面一样

跟上面一样

容易

火热

适当的、准确的

tempo giusto:以严谨的速度

同样的

以同样速度

逐渐减弱

没有什么

高贵地

逐渐减弱

尽可能地

presto possibile:尽可能快地

好像

响亮的，洪亮的

在上面

在下面

以轻声

迅速的

声音;声部

ossia

piacevole

piangevole

pochettino/poch.

rinforzando/rf/rfz

segue

smorzando/smorz.

teneramente

tenerezza

tosto

volante

(二)德文音乐术语

go straight on immediately without a

pause

sad , mdurnful

grief,sorrow

doloroso : sorrowful

double the speed, twice as fast

五级：

as soft as possible,extinct

getting quicker, urging

sad , tearful

return to the normal pitch(used to

cancel an 8va direction )

long，lengthy

lunga pansa: long rest

in a tender, coaxing mannr

measure

alla misura: in strictly measured time

senza misura: in free time

or, alternatively( often used to indicate

attacca

dolente

dolore

doppio movimento

estinto

incalzando

lacrimoso

loco

lunga

lusingando

misura

an easier version of a difficult

passage)

pleasant

sad , plaintive

rather little, very little indeed

reinforcing, emphasizing

follow., go straight on

dying away in tone and speed

tenderly

tenderness

quick , rapid,

flying, fast

较容易的演奏法)

愉快的

伤心的，悲痛的

确实很少

加强，强调

紧接，继续下去

音量和速度都逐渐消失

温柔地

温柔

快的，迅速的

飞快的

紧接。不停顿地接着演奏下去

伤心的，悲痛的

悲伤，悲哀

悲痛的

快一倍，加倍快

尽可能地弱，熄灭

渐快并渐强

悲伤的，哭泣的

回复原来音高(用以取消8va

指示)

长的.漫长的

长休止

温柔的，妩媚的

节拍

严守节拍

自由节拍

或，另外的方法(通常指另一个