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Unit10课后练习答案

Unit 10 A Debt to Dickens

Text comprehension

I. A

II.T; F; F; T; F; F.

III. 1. Refer to Para.2.

2. Refer to Para.

3.

3. Refer to Para.4 and 5.

4. Refer to Para.6.

5. Refer to Para.

6.

IV.

1. With shy, bitter smiles on her face, she tolerated th e farm

folks’ mocking, yet kind laughter as they looked at her yellow,

curling hair and blue eyes. To them, she understood, she looked

exotically strange.

2. Her parents were so busy that they hardly had any time to

attend to her.

3. She was too short to get hold of the dusty, blue books on

the high shelf.

4. She read from page to page an old edition of the novels,

printed in small letters, and found the friends she could play with.

5. Her untiring parents were still working very hard while all

the rest people at home were asleep.

Structural analysis of the text

1. The first-person narration allows the writer to bring her

personal experiences, to express her feelings or insert her own

opinions easily, which are more likely to involve and affect readers. The third-person narration reminds readers to recognize

the events as memories in the remote past so as to arouse a sense

of aging.

2. The first paragraph states that Charles Dickens rendered

an inestimable service to the writer while the last paragraph

states that his influence cannot be lost and became a part of the

writer, echoing that in the first paragraph.

Part I. Vocabulary Analysis

I. Phrase

1. long= for a long time

2. longed = wanted / desired / be eager (to do) 渴望做

3. picture = imagine

4. in great peril = in great danger 处于危险之中

5. pious mouthing of unctuous words = allegiant words with

fake sincerity

6. saw everything black and white = saw / viewed /

interpreted all things as either right or wrong 认为什么事情都是非对即错

II.

1. alien;

2. beyond the reach of;

3. winding;

4. voracious;

5. dip into;

6. obligation;

7. in peril;

8. heed;

9. indecision; 10. zest.

III. Word comparison

ude / thanking / thank ry = lonely / lone / isolated; alone—only one, happy

or unhappy

into + n. / burst out + / burst in: to interrupt

something, to enter / burst forth

: 逗留/ wander: 漫游/ haunt: 鬼魂出没/ loaf: 游手好闲

into: 浏览/ dig into: 钻研/ probe into: 探究/ explore (into)

e: 决心，决定/ solve: 解决/ involve: 涉及/ revolve: 旋转

off: 跑开/ make at：扑向/ make away: 逃走（后面一般不带短语into…）拿走（make away with…）/ make out: 辨明，弄懂

8. on hand: 在手头，在手边（等着做）/ out of hand：立刻，失去控制，不合时宜/ in hand: 在手中（正在做），落入某人手里/ by

hand: 用手做成的，人工完成/

IV.

1: a. foreign; b. foreign; c. alien; d. alien.

2: a. decline; b. descended; c. descended; d. declining.

3: a. people; b. folk; c. Folk; d. peoples.

4: a households; b. households; c. homes; d. home.

V. Give synonyms or antonyms of the word underlined in

each sentence in the sense it is used.

ms: invaluable, matchless, precious

2. Antonyms: sociable, accompanied, collective

ms: unreliable, untrustworthy

4. Antonyms: full, plenty, abundant

5. Synonyms: attention, notice, regard

6. Antonyms: ascend, rise, arise

7. Synonyms: stay, remain

ms: native, familiar, local

VI. Rephrase each of the following sentences with the word

given in brackets. 1. Tip: obligation n. duty任务，义务

Key: You have the legal obligation to ensure your child

receives a proper education.

2. Tip: immense adj. huge 巨大的

Key: They spent a surprisingly immense amount of time

getting the engine into perfect condition.

3. Tip: descend v. move downward 下降

Key: Sorry to descend on you like this, but we had no time to

phone.

: straighten v. make straight 弄直

straighten up make clean 弄干净

Key: Mark and I managed to straighten up the house before

our parents got home.

5. Tip: wretched adj. poor, miserable 可怜不幸的

Key: I think I must be coming down with flue —I’ve been

feeling wretched all day.

6. Tip: resolve v. decide 决心

Key: The government resolved to take further actions against

corruption.

7. Tip: missionary adj. related to religious mission 与传教有关的，有使命的

Key: The young English teacher thought so highly of poetry

that he taught it with missionary zeal.

8. Tip: hypocrisy n. insincerity 伪善，虚伪

Key: There’s one rule for her and another rule for everyone

else and it’s mere hypocrisy.

Part II. Grammar Exercises

I.

1. had been cut;

2. was traveling; 3. was told;

4. be opened;

5. was climbing;

6. was composed;

7. were made;

8. will have been sold.

II．

1. … could be understood by anyone…

2. … is being pulled down.

3. … was studied by Darwin.

4. … is not going to be completed…

5. … could no longer be described as …

6. … being stared at.

7. … was brought up against…

8. … was laid … by the author.

9. It is rumored…

10. … is going to be completed…

III.

… was discovered by …. Later the new continent was explored

and colonized by …. The native civilisations were eventually

destroyed by … and America was transformed into … in fact,

English, Sp anish, Portuguese and French are nowadays used as ….

1. He is believed to have…

2. This engine is claimed to be…

3. You are expected to work…

4. He is understood to have been in poor…

5. He is known to be a good teacher.

6. The ship is supposed to have…

7. You are known to have been…

8. Both sides are said to have… V. Join the two sentences into one, using the words and

phrases given.

1. You will hurry up. You will miss the bus.

You will miss the bus unless you hurry up.

2. As…, ….

3. … so ….

4. No one is against the proposal. We will adopt the proposal.

Since no one is against the proposal, we will adopt it.

5. …, though….

6. The train had left. I reached the station.

I didn’t reach the station until after the train had left.

7. … before….

8. … when….

VI. An infinite phrase to indicate result.

He rushed into the room, only to find there was not a single

soul there.

Part III. Translation exercises

I.

1. 债务一般是负担，但这绝对不是普通的债务，因此也不是负担，只不过是深藏在心中不吐不快的那种热忱感激之情。

2．她喜欢在河岸的岩石或泥泞的滩涂上散步，观看垂挂在流淌的黄色河水中那硕大四方的渔网被拉出水面，屡屡看见的也许是出水的一张空网，但偶尔也会看到闪着银光、扭动着身躯的一条条大鱼。

3．她走进走廊上一个不为人知、只有身材娇小灵活的孩子才挤得进去的角落，打开一本印得密密麻麻的旧版书，在书中找到了自己的伙伴。

4．他教导我：粗鲁的背后也许藏着和蔼，而和蔼是世上最美好的东西，善良是世上最完美的东西。

II．

1. some students long to study what they want, not what they are asked to.

2. Many volunteers rendered a valuable service to the Beijing

2008 Olympic Games.

3. The world economy is in a desperate situation, so all the

governments must take desperate measures to cope with it.

4. Scissors, knives, matches, and medicine must be kept

beyond the reach of children.

5. I always keep a sum of at least 1,000 yuan on hand, in case

of an emergency.

6. Honest people despise lies and liars.

7. It was a long time before I began to feel at home in English.

8. Because of the financial recession, some of those running

small and middle-sized businesses are, so to speak, up to their

necks in debt.

9. He is a man that always mouths fine words about people

to their faces and speaks ill of them behind their backs.

10. I was greatly scared by the zest demonstrated by those

radicals.

Part IV. Exercises for integrated skills

1. Dictation

It is simple enough to say / that since books have classes / -fiction, biography, poetry / -we should separate them / and take

from each what it is right / that each should give us. / Yet few

people ask from books / what books can give us. / Most

commonly we come to books / with blurred and divided minds,

/ asking of fiction that it shall be true, / of poetry that it shall be

false, / of biography that it shall be flattering, / of history that it

shall enforce our own prejudices. / If we could banish all such

preconceptions when we read, / that would be an admirable

beginning. / Do not dictate to your author: / try to become him. / Be his fellow-worker and accomplice.

2. Cloze

Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you

think appropriate.

The habit of reading is one of the greatest resources of

mankind; we enjoy reading books that

But your own books belong to you;

annihilates formality. Books are for use, not for show; you

should own no book that you are afraid

to up, or afraid to place on the table, wide open and face

down. A good reason for

significant sayings, to refer to them quickly, and then in late

years, it is like visiting a forest (9)

Part V. Writing Practice

1. Misplaced Modifiers 修饰语错位

Word order. A misplaced modifier：improperly separated.

A. Misplaced limiting adverbs

Limiting modifiers, such as almost, even, hardly, just, nearly,

merely, only, scarcely, simply etc., restrict or limit the meaning of

the words they modify. B. Misplaced phrases

C. Misplaced clauses

Adjective clauses usually come immediately after the noun

they modify.

D. Squinting modifiers

To modify either a preceding word or a following one.

E. Awkward splitting of verb phrases

longer word groups interrupt verb phrases.

Each of the following sentences contains a misplaced

modifier. Put it in the right place.

1. He said tonight he’d call me.

(Tonight is a squinting modifier. It is not clear whether he said

tonight or he would call me tonight.)

Revised: Tonight, he said he’d call me. / He said he’d call

me tonight.

2. Dancing joyfully on the lawn, the mother found her kids.

(Dancing is misplaced. It is the kids instead of the mother

who are dancing.)

Revised: The mother found her kids dancing joyfully on the

lawn.

3. The young man needs someone to guide him onto the

right path badly.

(The adverb badly should be placed immediately before the

word it modifies.)

Revised: The young man badly needs someone to guide him

onto the right path.

4. Students who frequently miss classes fail the course. /

Students who miss classes fail the course frequently.

5. Today, readers of all ages enjoy the poetry of Emily

Dickinson, …. 6. A more challenging, as we see it, curriculum could be

offered.

(The phrase challenging curriculum is separated awkwardly.)

Revised: As we see it, a more challenging curriculum could

be offered.

7. Gesturing wildly, the thief stalked his victim. / The thief,

who was gesturing wildly, stalked his victim.

y after he married, the poor fellow became seriously

ill and died.

9. Professor Brown taught a class on modern films that the

students enjoyed.

(That clause is misplaced. Students enjoyed the class instead

of the films.)

Revised: The students e njoyed Professor Brown’s class on

modern films.

Professor Brown taught a class on modern films and the

students enjoyed it (the class).

10.… a vanilla ice-cream cone covered with chocolate to the

boy.

Part VII. Listening Exercises

Attraction of a Bookshop

Listen to the following passage and supply the missing

information.

Time spent in a bookshop can be most enjoyable, whether

you are a book-lover or merely you

are there to You may even have entered the shop just to

a sudden shower. Whatever the reason, you can soon

become totally

The desire to pick up a book with an attractive dust jacket is

irresistible, although this

ought not to be followed, as you might end up with

You soon become in some book or other, and usually it is

only much later

that you realize you have spent far too much time there and

must to keep some

– without buying a book, of course.

This opportunity to of everyday life is, I think, the

of a bookshop. There are not many places where it is possible

to do this. You can

such places

approach you with “Can I help you, sir?” You needn’t buy

anything if you don’t want. In a bookshop an assistant should

until you have finished browsing.

Then, and only then, are his services necessary. Of course you

may want to find out where

is, but when he has the assistant should

and look as if he is not interested in

You have to be careful not to be attracted by in a bookshop.

It is

very easy to enter the shop looking for a book and to come

out carrying a

copy of the This sort of thing can be very dangerous. Apart

from

a huge account, you can waste a great deal of time

wandering from section to section.

Tapescript

Attraction of a Bookshop

Time spent in a bookshop can be most enjoyable, whether

you are a book-lover or merely you are there to buy a book as a

present. You may even have entered the shop just to find shelter

from a sudden shower. Whatever the reason, you can soon

become totally unaware of your surroundings. The desire to pick up a book with an attractive dust jacket is

irresistible, although this method of selection ought not to be

followed, as you might end up with a rather dull book.

You soon become engrossed in some book or other, and

usually it is only much later that you realize you have spent far

too much time there and must dash off to keep some forgotten

appointment – without buying a book, of course.

This opportunity to escape the realities of everyday life is, I

think, the main attraction of a bookshop. There are not many

places where it is possible to do this. You can wander round such

places to your heart’s content. If it is a good shop, no assistant

will approach you with the inevitable greeting, “Can I help you,

sir?” You needn’t buy anything if you don’t want. In a

bookshop an assistant should remain in the background until you

have finished browsing.

Then, and only then, are his services necessary. Of course you

may want to find out where a particular section is, but when he

has led you there, the assistant should retire carefully and look as

if he is not interested in selling a single book.

You have to be careful not to be attracted by the variety of

books in a bookshop. It is very easy to enter the shop looking for

a book on ancient coins and to come out carrying a copy of the

latest best-selling novel. This sort of thing can be very dangerous.

Apart from running up a huge

account, you can waste a great deal of time wandering from

section to section.