2024年4月10日发(作者：)

2011年英语B级考试试题答案

一、单项选择题（说明：这是我同学给的）

1 How can we reduce the risk of cancer? B

A cut in B cut down

C cut off D cut out

2 The steadily rising cost of labor on the waterfront has greatly increased the

cost of shipping cargo by water. A

A continuously B quickly

C excessively D exceptionally

3 During the past ten years there have been dramatic changes in the international

sit uation. C

A permanent B powerful

C striking D practical

4 The most crucial problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce

reso urces. D

A puzzling B difficult

C terrifying D urgent

5 His new girlfriend had omitted to tell him that she was married. A

A failed B deleted

C refused D rejected

6 The substance can be added to gasoline to accelerate the speed of automobiles.

A

A quicken B shorten

C loosen D enlarge

7 We should never content ourselves with a little knowledge only. B

A convince B satisfy

C comfort D benefit

8 We should contemplated the problem from all sides. A

A deliberated B thought

C described D designed

9 His health had deteriorated while he was in prison. B

A became better B became worse

C became stronger D became weaker

10 If you want my advice, you should revise your plan for the trip to Beijing

A.

A change B exchange

C enlarge D encourage

11 Smoking is inhibited in public places. C

A instructed B inquired

C forbidden D strived

is said to be suffering from terminal cancer and has asked for euthanasia

(安乐死) D

A acute B chronic

C final D fatal

13 I felt impelled to tell the truth. C

A promoted B induced

C compelled D improved

14 Its prudent to take a thick coat in cold weather when you go out. C

A controversial B reasonable

C sensible D sensitive

15 Are you positive that there’s been no mistake? C

A rational B reasonable

C certain D bound

二、阅读判断。 阅读判断。

An Observation and an Explanation

It is worth looking at one or two aspects of the way a mother behaves towards

her baby. The usual fondling, cuddling and cleaning require little comment, but the

position in which she holds the baby against her body when resting is rather revealing.

Careful studi es have shown the fact that 80 percent of mothers hold their infants

in their left arms, ho lding them against the left side of their bodies. If asked

to explain the significance of thi s preference most people reply that it is obviously

the result of the predominance of right -handedness in the population. By holding

the babies in their left arms, the mothers keep their dominant arm free for

manipulations. But a detailed analysis shows that this is not t he casE True, there

is a slight difference between right-handed and left-handed females; b ut not enough

to provide adequate explanation. It emerges that 83 percent of right-handed mothers

hold the baby on the left side, but so do 78 percent of left-handed mothers. In other

words, only 22 percent of the left-handed mothers have their dominant hands free

fo r actions. Clearly there must be some other, less obvious explanation.

The only other clue comes from the fact that the heart is on the side of the

mother’ s body. Could it be that the sound of her heartbeat is the vital factor?

And in what way? Thinking along these lines it was argued that perhaps during its

existence inside the bod y of the mother the unborn baby get used to the sound of

the heart beat. If this is so, th en the re-discovery of this familiar sound after

birth might have a claiming effect on the infant, especially as it has just been

born into a strange and frighteningly new worlD if t his is so then the mother would,

somehow, soon arrive at the discovery that her baby is more at peace if held on the

left against her heart than on the right.

16 We can learn a lot by observing the position in which a mother holds her baby

a gainst her body. A

A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

17 Most left-handed women feel comfortable by holding their babies in their left

arm and keep the right arm free C.

A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

18 The number of right-handed mothers who hold the baby on the left side exceeds

t hat of left-handed ones by 22%. B

A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

19 The fact that most left-handed mothers hold the baby on their left side renders

th e first explanation unsustainable. A

A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

20 The fact that the heart is on the left side of the mothers body provides the

most convincing explanation of all A.

A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

21 A baby held in the right arm of its mother can be easily frightened.

A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned C

22 The writers explanation of the phenomenon is supported by the fact that babies

te nd to be more peaceful if held in their mothers left arms than in the right arms

A.

A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

三、概括大意与完成句子。 概括大意与完成句子。

Caring for the old

The old do not have to look exclusively to the past. Relieved of some of life’s

respo nsibilities and fortified by many years of experience and knowledge, they may

have a mu ch better idea of how to spend their time enjoyably than they did in their

youth. And not all enjoyment is restricted to the mental or philosophical. Healthy

physical activity remai ns quite possible for most of us well into our later years.

Old people sometimes display surprising freedom and forthrightness in the

expression of their thoughts and feelings, and an ability to transmit affection.

It is as though some o f the rituals which constrict us in earlier life fall away.

But a higher percentage of people suffer from emotional distress in old age than

at a ny other time in adult life, and the gap between need and care is often filled

by dubious measures, such as heavy-handed prescription of medicinE For many years

it was assumed that old people were not appropriate candidates for psychotherapy.

But a few clinicians h ave risen to the challenge and discovered that individual

and group psychotherapy is just as effective with the old as with the young.

It is easy to understand why an earthquake causes terror. Yet in old age there

may b e terror of a very private nature, a sense of disintegration sometimes stemming

from inner conflicts, sometimes from a premonition of death or the fear of becoming

dependent.

Dependency is a grim choice: insecurity and deprivation must be weighed against

loss of autonomy and integrity. But if there is nothing shameful about the dependency

of a b

aby or a young child, there should be nothing shameful about the dependencies

natural wi th old age and diminishing physical resources.

The complexity and impersonality of the bureaucratic establishments, which have

the means to provide help, are often threatening to old peoplE The younger generation

today, on the other hand, will have had many decades to interact with "the system"

by the time they reach old age.

Many of us, including healthcare providers, assume that we know what old people

an d dying people want, but our assumptions are often a reflections of our won

thoughts and feelings based on personal interpretations of scanty bits of

observation. Such assumptions are really an excuse to avoid close contact with the

terminally ill. Assuming we "know" what they want, we observe ourselves from being

with them, and sharing their thoughts about the end of life.

We sometimes assume, wrongly, that old people are too confused or senile to be

awa re of the nearness of death. In consequence, communication between a dying and

others is subject to extraordinary omissions and distortions. "Protecting" the dying

from knowledge of their condition often serves to protect us from the uncomfortable

prospect of talking a bout dying and death. Evasions like this only lead to increasing

isolation at a time when emotional honesty and understanding are most needed.

23 paragraph 1 A

24 paragraph 2 B

25 paragraph 3 C

26 paragraph 5 F

A Knowing better how to enjoy life

B Freedom in expression

C Psychotherapy effective with some of the old

D Period of greater emotional distress

E Dependency: a grim choice

F Guiltiness: dependency

27 Old people may well be active In D

28 Old people sometimes know better A

29 It is a natural thing F

30 We often think that we know the feeling of a dying person, E

A how to show love to others

B how to show anger to others

C yet we know we are wrong

D various kinds of sports

E but we are often wrong

F that old people depend on others

四、阅读理解

第一篇

A Gay(n. 同性恋 Biologist(n. 生物学家 同性恋) 生物学家)

Molecular biologist Dean Hammer has blue eyes, light brown hair and a good sense

of humor. He smokes cigarettes, spends long hours in an old laboratory at the US

Nation al Institute of Health, and in his free time climbs up cliffs and points his

skis down stee p slopes. He also happens to be openly, matter-of-factly gay.

What is it that makes Hammer who he is? What, for that matter, accounts for the

tal ents and traits that make up anyone’s personality? Hammer is not content merely

to ask s uch questions; he is trying to answer them as well. A pioneer in the field

of molecular p sychology, Hammer is exploring the role genes play in governing the

very core of our in dividuality. To a remarkable extent, his work on what might be

called the gay, thrill-seeki ng and quit-smoking genes reflects how own genetic

predispositions.

That work, which has appeared mostly in scientific journals, has been gathered

into a n accessible and quite readable form in Hammer’s creative new book, Living

with Our G enes. “you have about as much choice in some aspect of your personality.”

Hamer and co -author Peter Copeland write in the introductory chapter, “as you do

in the shape of your nose or the size of your feet.”

Until recently, research into behavioral genetics was dominated by

psychiatrists and ps ychologists, who based their most compelling conclusions about

the importance of genes o n studies of identical twins. For example, psychologist

Michael Bailey of Northwestern Un iversity famously demonstrated that if one

identical twin is gay, there is about a 50% like

lihood that the other will be too. Seven years ago, Hamer picked up where the

twin studi es left off, homing in on specific strips of DNA that appear to influence

everything from mood to sexual orientation.

Hamer switched to behavioral genetics from basic research, after receiving his

doctora te from Harvard, he spent more than a decade studying the biochemistry of

a protein that cells use to metabolize heavy metals like copper and zinc. As he was

about to turn 40, however, Hamer suddenly realized he had learned as much about the

protein as he cared to. “Frankly, I was bored, ”he remembers, “and ready for

something new.”

Homosexual behavior, in particular, seemed ripe for exploration because few

scientists had dared tackle such an emotionally and politically charged subject.

“Im gay,” Hamer s ays with a shrug, “but that was not a major motivation. It was

more of a question of int ellectual curiosity—and the fact that no one else was

doing this sort of research”

31 The first paragraph describes Hamer’s A

A looks, hobbies and character.

B viewpoint on homosexuality.

C unique life-style.

D scientific research work.

32 Hamer was a D

A psychiatrist.

B physiologist.

C chemist.

D biologist.

33 What is Hamer doing now? B

A He is exploring the role of genes in deciding one’s intelligence.

B He is exploring the role of genes in deciding one’s personality.

C He is writing a book entitled “Live with Our Genes.”

D He is trying to answer some questions on a test paper.

34 What happened to Hamer’s research interest? C

A He turned to basic research.

B He sticked to basic research.

C He turned to behavioral genetics.

D He sticked to behavioral genetics.

35 According to Hamer, what was one of the main reasons for him to choose homos

exual behavior as his research subject? B

A He is a gay and he wants to cure himself.

B He was curious about it as a scientist.

C He was curious about it like everyone else.

D It is a subject that can lead to political success.

第二篇

Silent and Deadly

Transient ischemic attacks(TIAS), or mini-strokes, result from temporary

interruptions of blood flow to the brain. Unlike full strokes, they present symptoms

lasting anywhere fr om a few seconds to 24 hours. Rarely do they cause permanent

neurological damage, but they are often precursors of a major stroke.

“Our message is quite clear,” says Dr. Robert Adams, professor of neurology

at the Medical College of Georgia in August. “TIAS， while less severe than strokes

in the short term, are quite dangerous and need a quick diagnosis and treatment as

well as appropriate follow-up to prevent future injury.”

Unfortunately, mini-strokes are greatly under diagnosed. A study conducted for

the Na tional Stroke Association indicates that 2.5% of all adults aged 18 or

older(about 4.9 milli on people in the U. S. )have experienced a confirmed TI A.

An additional 1.2 million A mericans over the age of 45, the study showed, have most

likely suffered a mini-stroke w ithout realizing it. These findings suggest that

if the public knew how to spot the sympto ms of stroke, especially mini-strokes,

and sought prompt medical treatment, thousands of li ves could be saved and major

disability could be avoided.

The problem is that the symptoms of amini-stroke are often subtle and passing.

Non etheless, there are signs you can look out for:

*Numbness or weakness in the face, arm or leg, especially on one side of the

body.

*Trouble seeing in one or both eyes.

*Confusion and difficulty speaking or understanding.

*Difficulty walking, dizziness or loss of coordination.

*Severe headache with no known cause.

Along with these symptoms, researchers have identified some key indicators that

incre ase your chances of having a full-blown stroke after a TIA: if you’re over

60, have exper ienced symptoms lasting longer than 10 minutes, feel weak and have

a history of diabete s.

As with many diseases, you can help yourself by changing your lifestyle. The

first th ings you should do are quit smoking, limit your intake of alcohol to no

more than a drin k or two a day and increase your physical activity. Even those who

suffer from high blo od pressure or diabetes can improve their odds—and minimize

complications if they do ha ve a stroke—by keeping their illness under control.

If you experience any of the symptoms, your first call should be to your doctor.

It c ould be the call that saves your life.

36 Which of the following is NOT true of mini-strokes? A

A The cause of them remains unidentified.

B They seldom cause permanent neurological damage.

C They symptoms of them are often passing.

D They are not unrelated to major strokes.

37 To prevent mini-strokes from turning into major strokes, it is important to

A save thousands of lives C.

B avoid major disability.

C seek prompt medical treatment.

D prevent future injury.

38 The passage indicates that the symptoms of mini-strokes B

A are always easy to spot.

B are frequently hard to recognize.

C usually last a couple of days.

D can by no means be avoided.

39 All of the following may be signs of mini-strokes EXCEPT for D

A trouble seeing in one eye.

B numbness in the face.

C loss of coordination.

D severe headache caused by external injury.

40 It can be inferred from the passage that mini-strokes are B

A more dangerous than major strokes.

B silent and deadly.

C difficult to cure.

D sure to lead to major strokes.

第三篇

Road Trip Vacations

It’s summer. In the United States, it’s the season of swimming pools, barbeques,

cam ping and road trips.

Road trip vacations where the car journey is part of the fun are especially

popular w ith college students, who like to explore the country on wheels. These

budget trips are id eal for students who often have plenty of free time but little

money.

Ever since I went to college, I’ve been traveling around a lot, exploring the

country," sai d Austin Hawkins, a 19-year-old college student from New York. This

summer, Hawkins and his friends have spent weekends traveling in New England.

The best part about car trips, said Hawkins, is that you can be spontaneous.

"On a r oad trip, if you get interested in things you see along the way you can stop

and explore. "

Matt Roberts, a 20-year-old student from Ohio who drove to Montreal, Canada,

agree s. "With road trips you dont have to plan in advance, you can just get into

a car and dri ve."

Even with high gas prices, driving with friends is cheaper than flying. Roberts

paid a bout 40 dollars for gas, but a round trip plane ticket would have cost nearly

400 dollars.