2024年4月10日发(作者：)

有机磷农药中毒分度标准

英文回答：

Classification of Organophosphate Pesticide Poisoning.

Organophosphate (OP) pesticides are a class of highly

toxic chemicals that are widely used in agriculture and

household pest control. They are irreversible inhibitors of

acetylcholinesterase (AChE), an enzyme that is essential

for the proper functioning of the nervous system. OP

poisoning can lead to a range of adverse effects, including

respiratory depression, muscle weakness, seizures, and

death.

The severity of OP poisoning is typically classified

based on the following criteria:

Mild poisoning: Symptoms include miosis (pupillary

constriction), blurred vision, headache, nausea, vomiting,

and diarrhea. AChE activity is typically reduced by less

than 50%.

Moderate poisoning: Symptoms include muscle weakness,

tremor, sweating, hypersalivation, and chest tightness.

AChE activity is reduced by 50-75%.

Severe poisoning: Symptoms include respiratory

depression, seizures, coma, and cardiovascular collapse.

AChE activity is reduced by more than 75%.

中文回答：

有机磷农药中毒分度标准。

有机磷（OP）农药是一类在农业和家庭害虫防治中广泛使用的

剧毒化学品。它们是乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）的不可逆抑制剂，AChE

是一种对于神经系统正常运作至关重要的酶。OP 中毒可能导致一系

列不良影响，包括呼吸抑制、肌肉无力、癫痫发作和死亡。

OP 中毒的严重程度通常根据以下标准进行分类：

轻度中毒，症状包括缩瞳、视力模糊、头痛、恶心、呕吐和腹

泻。AChE 活性通常降低不到 50%。

中度中毒，症状包括肌肉无力、震颤、出汗、流涎过多和胸闷。

AChE 活性降低 50-75%。

重度中毒，症状包括呼吸抑制、癫痫发作、昏迷和心血管衰竭。

AChE 活性降低超过 75%。