2024年4月5日发(作者：)

Unit 1 Production of Drugs

Depending on their production or origin pharmaceutical agents

can be split into three groups:

I .Totally synthetic materials (synthetics)，

Ⅱ.Natural products，and

Ⅲ .Products from partial syntheses (semi-synthetic

products).

The emphasis of the present book is on the most important

compounds of groups I and Ⅲ一thus Drug synthesis. This

does not mean，however，that natural products or other agents

are less important. They can serve as valuable lead structures，

and they are frequently needed as starting materials or as

intermediates for important synthetic products.

Table 1 gives an overview of the different methods for

obtaining pharmaceutical agents.

1单元生产的药品

其生产或出身不同药剂可以分为三类：

1。完全（合成纤维）合成材料，

Ⅱ。天然产物，和

Ⅲ。产品从（半合成产品）的部分合成。

本书的重点是团体的最重要的化合物Ⅰ和Ⅲ一所以药物

合成。这并不意味着，但是，天然产品或其他代理人并不太

重要。它们可以作为有价值的领导结构，他们常常为原料，

或作为重要的合成中间体产品的需要。

表1给出了获取药剂的不同方法的概述。

Table 1 Possibilities for the preparation of drugs

Methods Examples

1. Total synthesis -over 75 % of all pharmaceutical agents

(synthetics)

2. Isolation from natural sources (natural products):

2.1 Plants -alkaloids;enzymes;heart

glycosides;polysaccharides;tocopherol;

steroid precursors (diosgenin,

sitosterin);citral (intermediate product for

vitamins A, E，and K)

2.2 Animal organs一enzymes;peptide hormones;cholic acid

from gall; insulin) from the

pancreas;sera

vaccines

2. 3 Other sources一cholesterol from wool oils;L-amino

acids from keratin and gelatine

hydrolysates

3. Fermentation一antibiotics;L-amino acids;dextran; targeted

and