2024年4月3日发(作者：)

专题能力提升练十六 阅读七选五——段中题

Test 1

[2020·合肥市高三第三次教学质量检测] A lot of misinformation about a

disease can sometimes flood the Internet and experts call on the public to practise

“information hygiene (卫生)”. What can you do to stop the spread of bad

information?

__1__ Before you share a piece of information, ask some basic questions about

where the information comes from. You must be careful if the source is “a friend

of a friend” or “my aunt's colleague's neighbour”．

We recently tracked how a misleading post from someone's “uncle with a master's

degree” went viral (广为传播的) . Some of the details in the post were

accurate—some versions, for example, encouraged hand washing to slow the spread

of viruses. __2__ That was potentially harmful.

Could it be false? Appearances can be misleading. They may possibly pretend to

be official accounts and authorities, including some famous news agencies and the

government. Screenshots can also be changed to make it look like information has come

from a trusted public body. __3__ If you can't easily find the information, it might

be a trap. And if a post, video or a link looks fishy—it probably is.

Don't share if unsure whether it's true. __4__ You might be doing more harm

than good. Often we post things on places where we know there are experts like doctors

or medical professionals. That might be OK, but make sure you're very clear about

your doubts.

Think about your preference. Are you sharing something because you know it's

true or just because you agree with it? “We're more likely to share posts that support

our existing beliefs，” says Carl Miller, research director of the Centre for the

Analysis of Social Media. It's when you're angrily nodding your head that you are

easily taken in. __5__

A．Check your source.

B．Consider their opinions carefully.

C．Check known and confirmed accounts and websites.

D．You can't share things “just in case” they might be true.

E．But others made unproven claims about how to diagnose the illness.

F．So, above all, you just need to slow down everything that you do online.

G．Your followers read what you share, but they may disagree with you.

Test 2

[2020·广州市综合检测二]

Tropical Cyclones

Have you ever seen a TV weatherperson pointing to a large, white spiral of storm

clouds spinning over the Earth on the video screen? If so, then you've gotten a small

look at what the most powerful storm in the world looks like—a tropical cyclone(热

带气旋) .

__1__ The warm air at the equator(赤道) rises into the atmosphere, cools off,

and then sinks back down. As this cycle repeats itself over and over again, the storm

begins to grow and the winds around the storm begin to move faster.

Depending on where a tropical cyclone is in the world, it is called either a

hurricane, a typhoon, or a cyclone. If tropical cyclones move over the northwestern

Pacific Ocean, they're called typhoons. __2__ In the South Pacific or the Indian

Ocean, they're called cyclones.

The center of a tropical cyclone is called the “eye”. __3__ Most of the strong

winds do not reach the eye of the storm, so it is the calmest part.

__4__ A tropical cyclone that is rated a Category 1 is the weakest; it is still

dangerous, but the winds are not as high. A Category 5 tropical cyclone is the strongest;

this type of storm can cause catastrophic damage.

Once these tropical cyclones come onto land, they no longer have the warm ocean

water they need to grow larger and consequently become weaker. This doesn't stop them

from causing a lot of damage before they go away. __5__

A．They still may produce strong rain and even tornadoes.

B．Tropical cyclones are categorised based on their strength.

C．They withdraw as quickly as they arrive and leave the land untouched.

D．The rest of the storm moves in a circle around the eye at incredibly high

speed.

E．Tropical storms with wind speeds that reach 74 miles per hour are called

hurricanes.

F．Tropical cyclones start as tropical storms that form in warm ocean waters

near the equator.

G．Such storms moving over the northeastern Pacific of the Atlantic Ocean are

termed hurricanes.

Test 3

[2020·烟台市高考诊断性测试]The Slow Food Movement started in Rome Italy in 1986.

When a new McDonald's was opening near a beautiful historic place, some people stood

outside the restaurant and shouted, “We do not want fast food, we want slow food！”

__1__ One day Carlo Petrini went to a restaurant to eat a traditional meal.

But the food didn't taste the same as he remembered. He learned that the peppers

were shipped from abroad because the prices were low. This deeply concerned Carlo.

Carlo wanted people to care about where their foods came from and how their

foods made their culture special. So he started a group to encourage this idea. It

soon became the Slow Food Movement. __2__

First, what is good food? Good food is fresh. The vegetables are eaten close

to the place where they are grown. The fish hasn't been sitting for days before it

is eaten. Good food is seasonable. __3__ Good food satisfies the senses. It should

look good, smell good and taste good. And finally, good food is cultural food. Each

country has special foods that make it different.

Second, food should be clean. Today, there are great concerns about the way people

grow and produce food. Farmers use chemicals to kill insects and feed plants. But

the chemicals can also harm the natural environment around farms. __4__ Clean food

means food that does not harm our bodies or the environment.

And third, food should be fair. __5__ All people should be able to purchase

healthy food. The people who grow and make food should be paid fairly for their work.

They should work in safe, healthy conditions.

A．Food should not cost too much money.

B．Its goal is to have good, clean, fair food for all people.

C．Over time, they can cause health problems in people too.

D．That was how the Slow Food Movement came into being.

E．It should be grown at the best time of the year for that food.

F．Today the Slow Food Movement has already expanded out of Italy.

G．This event wasn't the only thing that started the Slow Food Movement.

Test 4

[2020·南昌市高三一模]

Why Walking in Nature Makes You a Better Worker?

We're busy at work, distracted (注意力分散的) by technology and often

live in urban environments far from wild spaces. __1__. The average American, for

example, spends about 90% of their life indoors. But what happens if we make time

for an hour outside each day?

__2__. You'll have to go out for a walk, which is beneficial if most of your

day involves sitting in front of a screen. Research shows short breaks can improve

work enthusiasm, and a quick break in natural light will deliver a shot of vitamin

D.

There are also a lot of mental benefits when you are in nature—you are happy

and your brain can make sense of life.“When people are all out in nature, even in

urban nature, people tend to have more positive emotion and energy than when they

are indoors. __3__，” said Lisa Nisbet, associate professor at Canada's Trent

University.

The idea that nature is good for us has been gaining grounds since the 1980s.

__4__. Afterwards, shinrin­yoku, the Japanese concept, which is the practice of taking

a short, leisurely visit to a forest for health benefits, followed that. Researchers

of shinrin­yoku have since found plenty of physical and mental benefits, while global

studies suggest spending time in nature can, for example, restore our ability to focus,

increase our creativity, and even help us live longer.

Of course, many of us live in cities with no ready access to forests or the

wilderness. __5__ Various studies have shown that green environments in cities have

beneficial effects.

A．We also don't get out much

B．But it doesn't have to be a forest

C．People can get to a forest for a hike

D．In other words, people are happier in nature

E．There are some obvious benefits when being outside

F．Green and blue spaces are better than busy city streets

G．First came the theory that humans have a basic desire to be connected with

nature

专题能力提升练十六 阅读七选五——段中题

Test 1

语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——社会生活——阻止不良信息传播的方式

【文章大意】 关于一种疾病的大量虚假信息有时会充斥着互联网，专家呼吁公众养成

“信息卫生”的习惯。本文主要介绍了阻止不良信息传播的方式。

1．答案与解析：A 本空是中心句。根据空后一句“Before you share a piece of

information, ask some basic questions about where the information comes from”可

知，在分享一条信息之前，要问一些关于这条信息来源的基本问题，又结合本段第三句中的

“the source”可知，A项适合作本段的中心句。

2．答案与解析：E 根据空前一句中的“Some of the details in the post were

accurate”并结合空后一句“That was potentially harmful”可知，本空应与空前一句形

成转折关系，故E项符合语境。

3．答案与解析：C 本空是一个过渡句。根据上文“Appearances can be misleading”

和空后一句“If you can't easily find the information，it might be a trap”以及语

境可知，一些信息源的外表可能会有误导性，我们应查看一些已知的、已确认的账号和网站

来确认信息的可靠性，所以C项符合语境。

4．答案与解析：D 本空是一个过渡句。结合中心句“Don't share if unsure whether

it's true”可知，本段主要表述了如果拿不准信息是否真实，就不要分享，故D项符合语境。

5．答案与解析：F 本空是一个段尾句。结合空前一句“It's when you're angrily

nodding your head that you are easily taken in”和语境可知，后面讲的应该是怎样避

免被骗，前后形成因果关系，所以F项符合语境。

Test 2

语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自然——自然现象——热带气旋

【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了热带气旋的形成、名称、级别等相关内容。

1．答案与解析：F 根据空后内容可知，本段介绍热带气旋是如何形成的，且F项中的

“near the equator”与空后一句中的“The warm air at the equator(赤道)”形成呼应，

所以选F项。

2．答案与解析：G 根据段首句可知，本段主要介绍产生于不同地区的热带气旋有不同

的名称，又结合空前一句中的“they're called typhoons”和空后一句中的“they're called

cyclones”可知，空处应是介绍在什么地区产生的热带气旋称作飓风，所以选G项。

3．答案与解析：D 根据语境可知，D项中的“around the eye”与空前一句“The center

of a tropical cyclone is called the‘eye’”呼应，此处应是介绍风眼周围的状况，所

以选D项。

4．答案与解析：B 本空是段首句。根据本段的关键词“Category”可推知，本段主要

介绍热带气旋的级别，故B项符合题意。

5．答案与解析：A 根据空前一句“This doesn't stop them from causing a lot of

damage before they go away”可知，已经减弱的热带气旋仍然会有很大的破坏性，空处应

是进一步介绍热带气旋带来的影响，故A项“它们仍然可能产生强降雨甚至龙卷风”符合语

境。

Test 3

语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——合理饮食——人们应该购买健康的食物

【文章大意】 主要介绍了兴起于意大利的“慢食运动”及其目的。

1．答案与解析：G 上文提到当一家快餐店在历史名城罗马开业后，一些人坚决抵制而

发起了“慢食运动”；下文是Carlo Petrini在餐馆尝出来自国外的辣椒的口感与传统的不

同而集结了一群人并发起了“慢食运动”。所以空处应该是说除了前面提到的那件事，还有

一件事促使“慢食运动”的兴起。故G项符合。

2．答案与解析：B 本段说明Carlo Petrini发起了“慢食运动”，下面三段分层次说

了食物应该质量优良、清洁和价格合理。故此空填B选项，说明该运动的目的是让人们有质

量优良、清洁、价格合理的食物，且B选项与下文对应。

3．答案与解析：E 空前说好的食物应该是合时令的。所以此空应该与食物生长的时令

有关，故E项符合语境。

4．答案与解析：C 空前说化学物质会损害农场周围的自然环境。下文说清洁的食物不

会伤害人的身体或者环境。所以此空应该是说化学物质对人体也有伤害。

5．答案与解析：A 空前说食物应该价格公道，空后说所有人应该都能买健康的食物。

所以此空应该说食物不应该太昂贵。

Test 4

语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自然——人与环境——在大自然中散步有助于更好

地工作

【文章大意】 到户外走走，而不是一直待在室内，对人们的身体和精神健康大有裨益。

1．答案与解析：A 根据空后一句“The average American，for example，spends about

90% of their life indoors”可知，普通的美国人90%的时间都是在室内度过的，由此可推

知，A项符合语境。

2．答案与解析：E 本空是段首句，与下一段的首句“There are also a lot of mental

an make sense of life”呼应，并结合对本段内容的整体理解可知，本段主要

讲述了出去走走的一些明显的益处，所以E项与语境相符。

3．答案与解析：D 本段表述大自然对人的精神健康有益。根据语境并结合空前的

“people tend to have more positive emotion and energy than when they are indoors”

可推知，D项“换句话说，人们在大自然中更开心”与此处匹配。

4．答案与解析：G 根据空后一句“Afterwards，shinrin­yoku，the Japanese

followed that”可推知，该空陈述的应是与大自然对人类有益的理论或概念相关

的内容，选项G的内容与空处相符，所以选G项。

5．答案与解析：B 空处承上启下。B选项中的“it doesn't have to be a forest”

与空前一句中的“with no ready access to forests or the wilderness”相衔接，且与空

后一句中的“green environments in cities have beneficial effects”相呼应，所以选B

项。