2024年3月16日发(作者：)

凯程考研，中国最权威的考研辅导班

2016考研英语二真题及答案解析

Section I Use of English

Directions：

Read the following text。 Choose the best word（s） for each numbered blank

and mark A， B， C or D on the ANSWER SHEET。 （10 points）

Happy people work differently。 They’re more productive， more creative，

and willing to take greater risks。 And new research suggests that happiness might

influence 1 firms work， too。

Companies located in place with happier people invest more， according to a

recent research paper。 2 ， firms in happy places spend more on R&D（research

and development）。That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term

thinking 3 for making investment for the future。

The researchers wanted to know if the 4 and inclination for risk-taking that

come with happiness would 5 the way companies invested。 So they compared

U.S。 cities’ average happiness 6 by Gallup polling with the investment activity

of publicly traded firms in those areas。

7 enough， firms’ investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the

happiness of the area in which they were 8。 But it is really happiness that’s linked

to investment， or could something else about happier cities 9 why firms there

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spend more on R&D？ To find out， the researches controlled for various 10 that

might make firms more likely to invest like size， industry ， and sales-and-and for

indicators that a place was 11 to live in， like growth in wages or population。 They

link between happiness and investment generally 12 even after accounting for

these things。

The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for

younger firms， which the authors 13 to “less confined decision making process”

and the possible presence of younger and less 14 managers who are more likely to

be influenced by sentiment。’’ The relationship was 15 stronger in places where

happiness was spread more 16。 Firms seem to invest more in places。

17 this doesn’t prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a

longer-term view， the authors believe it at least 18 at that possibility。 It’s not

hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help 19 how executives

think about the future。 It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more

forward –thinking and creative and 20 R&D more than the average，” said one

researcher。

1。 [A] why [B] where [C] how [D] when

2。 [A] In return [B] In particular [C] In contrast [D] In conclusion

3。 [A] sufficient [B] famous [C] perfect [D] necessary

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4。 [A] individualism [B] modernism [C] optimism [D] realism

5。 [A] echo [B] miss [C] spoil [D] change

6。 [A] imagined [B] measured [C] invented [D] assumed

7。 [A] sure [B] odd [C] unfortunate [D] often

8。 [A] advertised [B] divided [C] overtaxed [D]

headquartered

9。 [A] explain [B] overstate [C] summarize [D] emphasize

10。 [A] stages [B] factors [C] levels [D] methods

11。 [A] desirable [B] sociable [C] reputable [D] reliable

12。 [A] resumed [B] held [C] emerged [D] broke

13。 [A] attribute [B] assign [C] transfer [D] compare

14。 [A] serious [B] civilized [C] ambitious [D] experienced

15。 [A] thus [B] instead [C] also [D] never

16。 [A] rapidly [B] regularly [C] directly [D] equally

17。 [A] After [B] Until [C] While [D] Since

18。 [A] arrives [B] jumps [C] hints [D] strikes

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19。 [A] shape [B] rediscover [C] simplify [D] share

20。 [A] pray for [B] lean towards [C] give away [D] send act

Section II Reading Comprehension

Part A

Directions：

Read the following four texts。 Answer the questions below each text by

choosing A， B， C or D。 Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET。 （40 points）

Text 1

It’s true that high-school coding classes aren’t essential for learning computer

science in college。 Students without experience can catch up after a few

introductory courses， said Tom Cortina， the assistant dean at Carnegie Mellon’

s School of Computer Science。

However， Cortina said， early exposure is beneficial。 When younger kids learn

computer science， they learn that it’s not just a confusing， endless string of

letters and numbers – but a tool to build apps， or create artwork， or test

hypotheses。 It’s not as hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is

for older students。 Breaking down problems into bite-sized chunks and using

code to solve them becomes normal。 Giving more children this training could

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increase the number of people interested in the field and help fill the jobs gap，

Cortina said。

Students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get to

college， where introductory computer-science classes are packed to the brim，

which can drive the less-experienced or-determined students away。

The Flatiron School， where people pay to learn programming， started as one

of the many coding bootcamps that’s become popular for adults looking for a

career change。 The high-schoolers get the same curriculum， but “we try to gear

lessons toward things they’re interested in，” said Victoria Friedman， an

instructor。 For instance， one of the apps the students are developing suggests

movies based on your mood。

The students in the Flatiron class probably won’t drop out of high school and

build the next Facebook。 Programming languages have a quick turnover， so the

“Ruby on Rails” language they learned may not even be relevant by the time they

enter the job market。 But the skills they learn – how to think logically through a

problem and organize the results – apply to any coding language， said Deborah

Seehorn， an education consultant for the state of North Carolina。

Indeed， the Flatiron students might not go into IT at all。 But creating a future

army of coders is not the sole purpose of the classes。 These kids are going to be

surrounded by computers-in their pockets ，in their offices， in their homes –for

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the rest of their lives， The younger they learn how computers think， how to coax

the machine into producing what they want –the earlier they learn that they have

the power to do that –the better。

a holds that early exposure to computer science makes it easier to

_______

A。 complete future job training

B。 remodel the way of thinking

C。 formulate logical hypotheses

D。 perfect artwork production

delivering lessons for high - schoolers ， Flatiron has considered

their________

A。 experience

B。 interest

C。 career prospects

D。 academic backgrounds

h Seehorn believes that the skills learned at Flatiron will ________

A 。 help students learn other computer languages

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B 。have to be upgraded when new technologies come

C 。need improving when students look for jobs

D。 enable students to make big quick money

ing to the last paragraph， Flatiron students are expected to ______

A。 bring forth innovative computer technologies

B。 stay longer in the information technology industry

C。 become better prepared for the digitalized world

D。 compete with a future army of programmers

word “coax”（Line4，Para.6） is closest in meaning to ________

A。 persuade

B。 frighten

C。 misguide

D。 challenge

Text 2

Biologists estimate that as many as 2 million lesser prairie chickens---a kind of

bird living on stretching grasslands—once lent red to the often grey landscape of

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the midwestern and southwestern United States。 But just some 22，000 birds

remain today， occupying about 16% of the species ‘historic range。

The crash was a major reason the U.S。 Fish and Wildlife Service （USFWS）

decided to formally list the bird as threatened 。“The lesser prairie chicken is in a

desperate situation ，”said USFWS Director Daniel Ashe。 Some environmentalists，

however， were disappointed。 They had pushed the agency to designate the bird

as “endangered，” a status that gives federal officials greater regulatory power to

crack down on threats 。But Ashe and others argued that the” threatened” tag

gave the federal government flexibility to try out new， potentially less

confrontational conservations approaches。 In particular， they called for forging

closer collaborations with western state governments， which are often uneasy with

federal action。 and with the private landowners who control an estimated 95% of

the prairie chicken‘s habitat。

Under the plan， for example， the agency said it would not prosecute

landowner or businesses that unintentionally kill， harm， or disturb the bird， as

long as they had signed a range—wide management plan to restore prairie chicken

habitat。 Negotiated by USFWS and the states， the plan requires individuals and

businesses that damage habitat as part of their operations to pay into a fund to

replace every acre destroyed with 2 new acres of suitable habitat 。The fund will

also be used to compensate landowners who set aside habitat ， USFWS also set an

interim goal of restoring prairie chicken populations to an annual average of 67，

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000 birds over the next 10 years 。And it gives the Western Association of Fish and

Wildlife Agencies （WAFWA）， a coalition of state agencies， the job of monitoring

progress。 Overall， the idea is to let “states” remain in the driver ‘s seat for

managing the species，” Ashe said。

Not everyone buys the win-win rhetoric。 Some Congress members are trying

to block the plan， and at least a dozen industry groups， four states， and three

environmental groups are challenging it in federal court。 Not surprisingly， doesn’

t go far enough。 “The federal government is giving responsibility for managing

the bird to the same industries that are pushing it to extinction， ” says biologist

Jay Lininger。

major reason for listing the lesser prairie as threatened is____。

[A]its drastically decreased population

[B]the underestimate of the grassland acreage

[C]a desperate appeal from some biologists

[D]the insistence of private landowners

“threatened” tag disappointed some environmentalists in that it_____。

[A]was a give-in to governmental pressure

[B]would involve fewer agencies in action

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[C]granted less federal regulatory power

[D]went against conservation policies

can be learned from Paragraph3 that unintentional harm-doers will not be

prosecuted if they_____。

[A]agree to pay a sum for compensation

[B]volunteer to set up an equally big habitat

[C]offer to support the WAFWA monitoring job

[D]promise to raise funds for USFWS operations

ing to Ashe， the leading role in managing the species in______。

[A]the federal government

[B]the wildlife agencies

[C]the landowners

[D]the states

Lininger would most likely support_______。

[A]industry groups

[B]the win-win rhetoric

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[C]environmental groups

[D]the plan under challenge

Text 3

That everyone‘s too busy these days is a cliché。 But one specific complaint is

made especially mournfully： There’s never any time to read。

What makes the problem thornier is that the usual time-management

techniques don‘t seem sufficient。 The web’s full of articles offering tips on making

time to read： “Give up TV” or “Carry a book with you at all times。” But in my

experience， using such methods to free up the odd 30 minutes doesn‘t work。 Sit

down to read and the flywheel of work-related thoughts keeps spinning-or else

you’re so exhausted that a challenging book‘s the last thing you need。 The

modern mind， Tim Parks， a novelist and critic， writes， “is overwhelmingly

inclined toward communication…It is not simply that one is interrupted； it is that

one is actually inclined to interruption。” Deep reading requires not just time， but

a special kind of time which can’t be obtained merely by becoming more efficient。

In fact， “becoming more efficient” is part of the problem。 Thinking of time

as a resource to be maximised means you approach it instrumentally， judging any

given moment as well spent only in so far as it advances progress toward some

goal。 Immersive reading， by contrast， depends on being willing to risk

inefficiency， goallessness， even time-wasting。 Try to slot it as a to-do list item

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and you‘ll manage only goal-focused reading-useful， sometimes， but not the

most fulfilling kind。 “The future comes at us like empty bottles along an

unstoppable and nearly infinite conveyor belt，” writes Gary Eberle in his book

Sacred Time， and “we feel a pressure to fill these different-sized bottles （days，

hours， minutes） as they pass， for if they get by without being filled， we will have

wasted them。” No mind-set could be worse for losing yourself in a book。

So what does work？ Perhaps surprisingly， scheduling regular times for

reading。 You‘d think this might fuel the efficiency mind-set， but in fact， Eberle

notes， such ritualistic behaviour helps us “step outside time’s flow” into “soul

time。” You could limit distractions by reading only physical books， or on

single-purpose e-readers。 “Carry a book with you at all times” can actually work，

too-providing you dip in often enough， so that reading becomes the default state

from which you temporarily surface to take care of business， before dropping back

down。 On a really good day， it no longer feels as if you‘re “making time to

read，” but just reading， and making time for everything else。

31。 The usual time-management techniques don’t work because 。

[A] what they can offer does not ease the modern mind

[B] what challenging books demand is repetitive reading

[C] what people often forget is carrying a book with them

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[D] what deep reading requires cannot be guaranteed

32。 The “empty bottles” metaphor illustrates that people feel a pressure

to 。

[A] update their to-do lists

[B] make passing time fulfilling

[C] carry their plans through

[D] pursue carefree reading

33。 Eberle would agree that scheduling regular times for reading helps

[A] encourage the efficiency mind-set

[B] develop online reading habits

[C] promote ritualistic reading

[D] achieve immersive reading

34。 “Carry a book with you at all times”can work if 。

[A] reading becomes your primary business of the day

[B] all the daily business has been promptly dealt with

[C] you are able to drop back to business after reading

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凯程考研，中国最权威的考研辅导班

[D] time can be evenly split for reading and business

35。 The best title for this text could be 。

[A] How to Enjoy Easy Reading

[B] How to Find Time to Read

[C] How to Set Reading Goals

[D] How to Read Extensively

Text 4

Against a backdrop of drastic changes in economy and population structure，

younger Americans are drawing a new 21st-century road map to success， a latest

poll has found。

Across generational lines， Americans continue to prize many of the same

traditional milestones of a successful life， including getting married， having

children， owning a home， and retiring in their sixties。 But while young and old

mostly agree on what constitutes the finish line of a fulfilling life， they offer

strikingly different paths for reaching it。

Young people who are still getting started in life were more likely than older

adults to prioritize personal fulfillment in their work， to believe they will advance

their careers most by regularly changing jobs， to favor communities with more

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public services and a faster pace of life， to agree that couples should be financially

secure before getting married or having children， and to maintain that children are

best served by two parents working outside the home， the survey found。

From career to community and family， these contrasts suggest that in the

aftermath of the searing Great Recession， those just starting out in life are defining

priorities and expectations that will increasingly spread through virtually all aspects

of American life， from consumer preferences to housing patterns to politics。

Young and old converge on one key point： Overwhelming majorities of both

groups said they believe it is harder for young people today to get started in life

than it was for earlier generations。 Whlie younger people are somewhat more

optimistic than their elders about the prospects for those starting out today， big

majorities in both groups believe those “just getting started in life” face a tougher

a good-paying job， starting a family， managing debt， and finding affordable

housing。

Pete Schneider considers the climb tougher today。 Schneider， a 27-yaear-old

auto technician from the Chicago suburbs says he struggled to find a job after

graduating from college。 Even now that he is working steadily， he said。” I can’

t afford to pay ma monthly mortgage payments on my own， so I have to rent

rooms out to people to mark that happen。” Looking back， he is struck that his

parents could provide a comfortable life for their children even though neither

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had completed college when he was young。“I still grew up in an upper

middle-class home with parents who didn’t have college degrees，”Schneider said。

“I don’t think people are capable of that anymore。 ”

36。 One cross-generation mark of a successful life is 。

[A] trying out different lifestyles

[B] having a family with children

[C] working beyond retirement age

[D] setting up a profitable business

37。 It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that young people tend to

[A] favor a slower life pace

[B] hold an occupation longer

[C] attach importance to pre-marital finance

[D] give priority to childcare outside the home

38。 The priorities and expectations defined by the young will 。

[A] become increasingly clear

[B] focus on materialistic issues

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[C] depend largely on political preferences

[D] reach almost all aspects of American life

39。 Both young and old agree that 。

[A] good-paying jobs are less available

[B] the old made more life achievements

[C] housing loans today are easy to obtain

[D] getting established is harder for the young

40。 Which of the following is true about Schneider？

[A] He found a dream job after graduating from college

[B] His parents believe working steadily is a must for success

[C] His parents’ good life has little to do with a college degree

[D] He thinks his job as a technician quite challenging

Part B

Directions：

Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most

suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraphs （41-45）。

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There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use。 Mark your

answers on the ANSWER SHEET。 （10 points）

A。 Be silly

B。 Have fun

C。 Ask for help

D。 Express your emotions。

E。 Don’t overthink it

F。 Be easily pleased

G。 Notice things

Act Your Shoe Size， Not Your Age。

（1） As adults， it seems that we’re constantly pursuing happiness， often

with mixed results。 Yet children appear to have it down to an art-and for the most

part they don’t need self-help books or therapy。 Instead， they look after their

wellbeing instinctively and usually more effectively than we do as grownups。

Perhaps it’s time to learn a few lessons from them。

41___________。

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（2） What does a child do when he’s sad？ He cries。 When he’s angry？

He shouts。 Scared？ Probably a bit of both。 As we grow up， we learn to control

our emotions so they are manageable and don’t dictate our behaviours， which is

in many ways a good thing。 But too often we take this process too far and end up

suppressing emotions， especially negative ones。 That’s about as effective as

brushing dirt under a carpet and can even make us ill。 What we feel appropriately

and then-again， like children-move on。

42__________。

A couple of Christmases ago， my youngest stepdaughter， who was 9 years

old at the time， got a Superman T-shirt for Christmas。 It cost less than a fiver but

she was overjoyed， and couldn’t bigger house or better car will be the magic silver

bullet that will allow us to finally be content， but the reality is these things have

little lasting impact on our happiness levels。 Instead， being grateful for small

things every day is a much better way to improve wellbeing。

43__________。

Have you ever noticed how much children laugh？ If we adults could indulge

in a bit of silliness and giggling， we would reduce the stress hormones in our

bodies， increase good hormones like endorphins， improve blood flow to our

hearts and ever have a greater chance of fighting off infection。 All of which would，

of course， have a positive effect on our happiness levels。

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44__________。

The problem with being a grownup is that there’s an awful lot of serious stuff

to deal with-work， mortgage payments， figuring out what to cook for dinner。

But as adults we also have the luxury of being able to control our own diaries and

it’s important that we schedule in time to enjoy the thing we love。 Those things

might be social， sporting， creative or completely random （dancing around the

living room， anyone？）-it doesn’t matter， so long as they’re enjoyable， and

not likely to have negative side effects， such as drinking too much alcohol or

going on a wild spending spree if you’re on a tight budget。

45__________。

Having said all of the above， it’s important to add that we shouldn’t try too

hard to be happy。 Scientists tell us this can back fire and actually have a negative

impact on our wellbeing。 As the Chinese philosopher Chuang Tzu is reported to

have said： “Happiness is the absence of striving for happiness。” And in that，

once more， we need to look to the example of our children， to whom happiness

is not a goal but a natural byproduct of the way they live。

Section III Translation

Directions：

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Translate the following text into Chinese。 Write your translation on the

ANSWER SHEET。 （15 points）

The supermarket is designed to lure customers into spending as much time as

possible within its doors。 The reason for this is simple： The longer you stay in the

store， the more stuff you’ll see， and the more stuff you see， the more you’

ll buy。 And supermarkets contain a lot of stuff。 The average supermarket，

according to the Food Marketing Institute， carries some 44，000 different items，

and many carry tens of thousands more。 The sheer volume of available choice is

enough to send shoppers into a state of information overload。 According to

brain-scan experiments， the demands of so much decision-making quickly

become too much for us。 After about 40 minutes of shopping， most people stop

struggling to be rationally selective， and instead began shopping emotionally—

which is the point at which we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff in our cart that we

never intended buying。

Section IV Writing

Part A

47。 Directions：

Suppose you won a translation contest and your friend， Jack， wrote an email

to congratulate you and ask for advice on translation。 Write him a reply to

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1） thank him， and

2） give you advice

You should write about 100 on the ANSWER SHEET。

Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter。 Use Li Ming instead。

Do not write the address。 （10 points）

Part B

48。 Directions：

Write an essay based on the chart below。 In your writing， you should

1） interpret the chart， and

2） give your comments。

You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET。 （15 points）

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Section I Use of English

1、[答案]C how

[解析]根据空格所在句子可以看出，空格处应该是一个引导宾语从句的从属连词，做

influence的宾语。四个选项的意思中，只有C。 how引导后面的内容做influence的宾语，

前后意思合理。

2、[答案]B In particular

[解析]空格的前一句话的内容是：坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司投资更多的钱。空格所

在句的内容是：坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司在…方面投入更多的钱。很显然，前后句子是

总分关系。选项中，只有B选项可以体现总分关系。

3、[答案]D necessary

[解析]根据空格处前后的内容，_____ for making investments for the future是做后

置定语修饰longer-term thinking和happiness。幸福，这种持久的思维模式对于对未来

进行投资_______，四个选项中只有D。 necessary 做后置定语符合前后内容。其他选项与

原文内容语义不符。

4、[答案]C optimism

[解析]空格处的内容与inclination for risk-taking由and连接，构成并列关系，后面

that come with happiness定语从句既修饰空格处的内容，也修饰

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inclination for risk-taking，所以选项中可以由that come with happiness修饰的只有C

选项optimism。

5、[答案]D change

[解析]空格处的内容和the way companies invested构成动宾搭配。选项中

A。 echo 回声 B。 miss 思念 C。 spoil 溺爱 D。 change 改变，所以只有D选项可以和

the way companies invested构成通顺语义。故D项正确。

6、[答案]B measured

[解析]原文：

So they compared U.S。 cities’ average happiness_______ by Gallup polling with t

he investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas。 所以他们比较美国城

市的平均幸福，这种幸福是根据盖洛普在上市公司的投资活动地区民意调查来

________。 A imagined 想象，D assumed 假定与民意调查的客观性是不符的，故排除，

C invented 发明，与文意不符，故选B measured，衡量，测量。

7、[答案]A sure

[解析]若要判断此空的答案，需要结合文章上下文来判断。这句话和本篇完型的第二段

的首句的含义是相同的。第二段的首句：

Companies located in places with happier people invest more，含义为：坐落在幸福

人们多的地方的公司会加大研发投入力度。本段首句其实是对于这一中心的重复阐述，因此

选A。

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8、[答案]D headquartered

[解析]原文：

firms’ investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the ar

ea in which they were _________。公司的投资与研发强度与公司所_______的地区的幸福度

相关。依据第7题的答案，我们可以推断，这句话所填写的单词和located应该是近

义， A advertised 广告； B divided 分割； C overtaxed 负担过重；均与本文含义不符，

故选D，headquartered设立总部。

9、[答案]A explain

[解析]原文：…

could something else about happier cities ______ why firms there spend more on R

&D？ 此句也是对于本文中心的再次论证。还有其他的什么可以__________公司在幸福的城

市加入研发投入力度吗？ 这句话之后就是具体的原因陈述。B overstate 夸

张； C summarize总结；D emphasize 强调；均不符合文意，所以以上三项皆排除。故

选A express 解释，阐释。

10、[答案]B factors

[解析]原

文： To find out， the researchers controlled for various ________that might make fi

rms more likely to invest — like size， industry， and sales ，为了找到答案，研究人

员控制了各种各样的可能会让公司加大投资的_______——比如大小、行业和销量——，联

系上下文，我们可以看出，这个空格其实就是下文size， industry， and sales的上义词，

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可以包含这三个名词的内容。A stages 阶段；C levels 水平，标准； D methods 方法；

均不符合文意。故选B factors 原因，因素。

11、[答案]A desirable

[解析]该句意思为：研究者掌控了各种使公司更愿意投资的因素（比如规模、行业、销

售），也掌控了居住起来____的住处的征兆（比如工资或人数的增长）。此处需填入形容词，

前后两句为并列关系，感情色彩应保持一致，所填词应和空前more likely to invest更可

能投资，以及空后like举例的内容涨工资一致，也是好事，所以答案desirable可取的、令

人满意的为正确选项。Sociable善于交际的，reputable有声望的，reliable可靠的虽为正

向词汇，但均与上下文衔接不紧密，因此答案为desirable。

12、[答案]B held

[解析]即使说明这些问题，总体来讲，快乐与投资之间的关系____。Resume继续、重

新开始，hold保持不变，维持，emerge出现，break破裂。前后为递进，说明这些问题

后，二者关系应仍然保持不变，所以hold为正确答案。

13、[答案]A attribute

[解析]该句意思为：快乐与投资之间的相互关系对年轻的企业特别强烈，作者把这一点

____于“缺少编纂的做决定过程”。此处考搭配，attribute…to把……归咎于，assign…to

把……指派给，transfer…to把……传递给，compare…to把……相比较，其中attribute…to

符合文意，作者把这一点归因于于“缺少编纂的做决定过程”。

14、[答案]D experienced

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[解析]该题为并列平行关系考查，and前后情感色彩、所属范畴应保持一致，younger

并列，应为less experienced缺少经验的，故为正确答案。Serious严肃的，civilized文

明的，ambitious有野心的，与年龄无直接关系，故排除。

15、[答案]C also

[解析]该句话上一句为

The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong，此句为

The relationship was 15 stronger，显然，二者之间为并列关系，因此选择also也。Thus

表结果，instead表转折，never从不，不符合此处逻辑。

16、[答案]D equally

[解析]此题考查副词。四个选项中，A选项rapidly意为“迅速地”， B选项regularly

意为“常规地”，C选项意为directly“直接地”，D选项equally“平等地”。此处讨论

的是公司投资与快乐之间的关系。空格后指出，相较于在快乐不平等的地方，或者幸福感有

巨大鸿沟的地方，公司更愿意在大多数人都较为幸福的领域投资， D选项equally是对

inequality的反义复现，因此，D选项是正确选项。

17、[答案]C While

[解析]此处考察上下文的逻辑关系。上文指出，公司愿意在幸福的领域里投资， 而空格

后则提到“这并不能证明幸福引发了公司扩大投资或者采用较长远的眼光看问题”，显然，

这二者之间是转折关系，正确选项为C选项While “然而”。A选项 After“在……之后” ， B

选项Until “直到”，D选项Since“因为”或“自从”，都不符合文意。

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18、[答案]C hints

[解析]空格所在句的前半句质疑了投资与幸福的关系，后半句的作者表现的态度是

“believe”， 因此此处要填入一个表积极立场的词，且能与后面的at that possibility构

成搭配， 表明“作者”的认可态度。A选项arrive“到达”，B选项jumps“跳跃”，D

选项strikes“打击；罢工”，均不能与at that possibility搭配，C选项hints“暗示”符

合语意，因此正确答案为C。

19、[答案]A shape

[解析]结合文意，此处是在正面论述“当地文化和氛围”对公司运营的影响，且二者之

间的因果关系一直贯穿全文。四个选项中，A选项shape意为“形成，塑造” B选项rediscover

“重新发现”， C选项simplify“简化”，D选项share“分享”， 其中只有A 选项最贴

近语意，因此正确答案为A。

20、[答案]B lean towards

[解析]此处考察固定词组。 A选项pray for意为“为……祈祷”，B选项lean towards

意为“向……倾斜”，C选项give away意为“泄露； 失去；赠送”，D选项send out意

为“发送，发出”。空格所在句的前后语意为“快乐的人比普通人更加的具有正向思维，更

有创造力，并且更加的_____研究和发展。”可知最符合文意的只能是选项B。

Section II Reading Comprehension

Part A

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Text 1

21、[答案][B]remodel the way of thinking

[解析]观点题。根据题干Cortina holds回文定位在第二段。第二段指出Cortina认为

过早的接触电脑是有益的，紧接着指出当小孩子学习电脑科学，他们就学习了如何去开发手

机应用程序，或者创作艺术，或者验证假设。对于他们来说与大孩子相比，改变思维并不难。

综上所述，[B]remodel the way of thinking是对原文“transform their thought”的同

义置换。

22、[答案][B] interest

[解析]事实细节题。根据题干关键信息“in delivering lessons for high-schoolers”、

“Flatiron has considered”，定位到第三段。整个第三段在叙述Flatiron School。其中，

第三行

The high-schoolers get the same curriculum， but “we try to gear lessons toward

things they’re interested in”（高中生们上同样的课程，但是“我们力图以他们的兴趣

来调整课程”），表明了该校开设课程的依据是“学生的兴趣”，故选[B] interest。

23、[答案][A] help students learn other computer languages

[解析]细节题。根据Deborah Seehorn 定位到文章第五段最后一句。Deborah说他们

学习的技能（如何思考问题具有逻辑性并组织结果）可以应用到编码语言中去。选项[A]帮

助学生学习另外的电脑语言是对这句话的概括。

24、[答案][C] become better prepared for the digitalized world

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[解析]推理题。根据题干关键词“the last paragraph”和“Flatiron students”回文

定位在最后一段。最后一段第一句指出Flatiron的学生不会全都进入IT界。紧接着第二句

说明培养编码人员不是唯一目的，第三句进一步指出这些学生将会一生“被电脑包围”（生

活在电脑时代），对比四个所给选项，

[C] become better prepared for the digitalized world与原文意思一致，故正确。

25、[答案][A] persuade

[解析]词义题。根据题干关键信息“coax”（Line 4， Para.6），定位到最后一段第四

行how to coax the machine into producing what they want（如何…电脑生产他们想

要的），且该部分是与how computers think（电脑是如何思维的）并列的，都是学生学

习的具体内容。正是因为两者并列，因此根据单词think可知coax同样含有一定比喻色彩，

且coax指的是“让电脑生产他们想要的”一种手段或方式。将四个选项分别带入原文：

[A] persuade“劝说，劝诱”，即“劝诱电脑生产他们想要的”，语意恰当，是正确选项；

[B] frighten“吓唬，使惊吓”，即“吓唬电脑去生产他们想要的”，该方式带有贬义色彩，

故排除；[C] misguide“误导”，与[B]同理，故排除；[D] challenge“挑战”，即“挑战

电脑去生产他们想要的”，语义不通顺，故排除。因此，本题正确答案为[A] persuade。

Text 2

26、[答案][A] its drastically decreased population

[解析]本题属于细节题，考查了考生对文章首段中关于草原鸡数量的变化的理解。根据

对首段首句当中生物学家预测的数量是2百万，而在首段末句出现but转折以及末句当中

关于草原鸡现在真实的剩余数量只有2万2千只，都可以说明草原鸡的数量急剧的下降；

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另外，这道题还有一种做法是通过第二段首句的主语的作用，某些情况下，文章中间段落的

首句主语起到承上启下的作用，那么中间段落首句主语就会有概括上一段的作用，本文第二

段的首句：

The crash was a main reason USFWS decided to formally list the bird as threatene

d。 就是对第26题题干和正确选项的同义替换，根据第二段第一句的主语：the crash （这

种暴跌），对应正确选项A。

27、[答案][D] went against conservation policies

[解析]本题属于推理题，根据题干信息：the “Threatened” tag 令许多环境学家感

到失望，定位到第二段的第三句，因此，原因应该出自第三句之后，而第四句和第五句中间

有很明显的转折词but，因此答案定位在第五句，很多同学可能会问，这里并没有表示原因

的词去与题干当中的in that进行对应，但是在我们的钻石卡的课程中提到，原文当中给出

原因的并不一定是直接给出表示原因的连词或者介词，在本文第三句的

but Ashe and others argued that the “threatened” tag gave the federal governm

ent flexibility to try out new， potentially less confrontational conservation approa

ches。 当中的gave这个词是“使得”的意思，A使得B如何如何，也就是A是B的原因，

因此这道题的答案是D （违反了保护措施）。

28、[答案][B] volunteer to set up an equally big habitat

[解析]本题属于推理题，根据题干当中给出的位置信息（第三段）以及表示条件与结果

的逻辑关系的if这个信息，可以迅速定位到第三段的第一句，其中题干当中的if与文章当

中的as long as 进行对应，而题干当中的表示结果的部分与as long as 之前进行对应，因

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此，正确选项应该出自as long as 之后，也就是原文当中的：

they had signed a range-wide management plan to restore prairie chicken habitat

。 “签订一系列管理计划去恢复草原鸡的栖息地”，对应到的正确选项是

B （volunteer to set up an equally big habitat 帮助搭建同样大小的栖息地）

29、[答案][D] the states

[解析]本题属于细节题。答案定位在文章第三段最后一句，从Ashe所说的话中

“states remain in the driver’s seat for managing the species”可以得出，选项

D the states在管理物种方面起着领导作用。

30、[答案][B] the win-win rhetoric

[解析]本题属于推断题。答案定位在文章最后一段，从Jay Lininger所说的话中，可以

得知他认为政府应该为导致鸟类濒临灭绝的产业负责任，因此可以得出，他最可能支持本段

开头所提出的双赢的说法。

Text 3

31、[答案][D] what deep reading requires cannot be guaranteed

[解析]细节题。根据题干回文定位到第二段第一句“what makes…

management techniques don‘t seem sufficient”，，但是这句并没有提及原因。真正

的原因是第二段最后一句

“Deep reading requires not just time， but a special kind of time which can’

t be obtained merely by becoming more efficient”。（深度阅读需要的不仅仅是时间，

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而且仅仅通过高效率所获得的那种时间也不够），因此选项

D what deep reading requires cannot be guaranteed为正确答案。

32、[答案][B] make passing time fulfilling

[解析]细节题。根据题干回文定位到第三段第五句：

we feel a pressure to fill these different-sized bottles

（days， hours， minutes） as they pass。故正确答案应该与to fill…相一致。这句话中

将时间单位天，小时和分钟比喻成了不同大小的瓶子。而压力来自于我们填充这些大小不一

的瓶子时，即把自己的时间充实起来时。故正确答案为选项B，其中passing time是原文

as they pass的同义替换，making … fulfilling是to fill的同义替换。

33、[答案][D] achieve immersive reading

[解析]细节题。根据题干定位到第四段第二句：…

such ritualistic behavior helps us “step outside time’s flow” into “soul time。 （这

种仪式化行为指代有助于我们从拜托时间流进入灵魂阅读），soul time 即选项D 中

immersive reading （沉浸式阅读），故正确答案为选项D。题干

“scheduling regular times for reading helps”是题干中的

“such ritualistic behavior helps”的同义改写，“soul time”是“immersive reading”

的同义替换。

34、[答案][A] reading becomes your primary business of the day

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[解析]细节题。根据题干中的carry a book with you at all times can work if， 可以

定位到第四段倒数第二

句 “providing you dip in often enough， so that reading becomes the default sta

te”（假定你经常沉浸在阅读中，以至于阅读成为一种默认设置），因此可以确定选项

A reading becomes your primary business of the day（阅读成为你一天中的主要事情）

为正确答案。

35、[答案][B] How to Find Time to Read

[解析]主旨题。根据文章首段转折之后出主旨。

But one specific complaint is made especially mournfully： There’

s never any time to read。（但是其中一个特别悲哀的抱怨是：没有时间阅读）。第二、

三、四段都在论证深度阅读才是解决之道。因此选项Dhow to find time to read为正确答

案。

Text 4

36、[答案][B] having a family with children

[解析]根据题干给出的mark， successful life等词可以定位到第二段的第一句话，

successful life可以找到原词，而mark对应milestone，including后面的内容就是这种

生活的特征，包含“结婚，有孩子，有家，60岁退休”，和选项对比，只有B项符合原文

给出的特征，属于同意替换。A项这里未提，略有干扰的是后面but句中的different paths，

但这和题干不符，C项的退休后工作和原文刚好相反，D项未提到。

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37、[答案][C] attach importance to pre-martial finance

[解析]根据题干给出的段落序号可以定位到第三段，另又提到young people，故可以

定位到第三段开头第一句话。题干问的是年轻人倾向于……，题干中的tend在这句话中可

以找到同意置换词more likely，句子中后面有5个to do表示年轻人倾向于做什么，所以

答案就在这些动词不定式中。和选项对比，只有C项符合原文的含义“婚前或者有孩子之

前要有经济保障”，属于同意替换。A项这里未提，也不符合当下年轻人的生活习惯，B项

和原文刚好相反，原文说的是经常换工作来提升职业，而选项说的是长时间做一份工作，D

项只是有childcare outside the home和原文一样，但是原文说的是父母都工作对孩子好，

选项则是说年轻人更注重照顾孩子，两者含义并不相符。

38、[答案][D] reach almost all aspects of American life

[解析]根据题干给出的the priorities and expectations等词可以定位到第四段的第一

句话的中间，that后面的内容是对这两个名词的修饰，故答案应该在这个从句中。和选项

对比，只有D项符合原文，ripple through和选项中的reach属于同意替换。A项和B项

这里均未提，C项只是politics和preferences这两个词有在文中出现，但是语义并不相符。

39、[答案][D] getting established is harder for the young

[解析]根据题干给出的young and old等词可以定位到第五段开头，这句话有冒号，

解释key point，所以答案应该在冒号之后，题目问的是他们同意什么，也就是观点，所以

可以再缩小范围为believe后面的内容为正确选项的含义。和选项对比，只有D项符合原

文，属于同意替换。A项和C项这里均未具体提及，B项相对干扰性强，但是文中只是提到

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说在实现这些重要成就时，晚辈会比长辈遇到更艰难的挑战，并不是说老辈比晚辈创造了更

多的成就，故排除。

40、[答案][C] His parents’ good life has little to do with a college degree

[解析]根据题干给出的Schenider可以定位到最后一段开头。这段话开头就说这个人认

为今天的生活更艰难，后面的内容都在介绍他的生活。因为题干除了这个人名之外并没有给

出其他更细定位的信息，可以选择从选项定位入手反推正确答案。A项“他毕业后找到一个

理想工作”，文章只在最后一段第二句后面说到这个问题，但并没有说这个工作是

dream work，故排除。B项的work steady在第三局也有提到，但并没有说是父母认为的，

故排除。C项说到父母的好生活在第四、五句有提到，尤其引号中的内容和选项相符，故为

正确答案。D项认为工作很有挑战性，这并没有提到，属于无中生有。

Part B

41、[答案]D （Express your emotions）

[解析]emotions一词在本段中原词复现了两次，而且出现了其下义词，比如

sad， angry，本段最后一句提到对待情绪的方式是：

acknowledge and express what we feel appropriately。选项D与此完全对应。因此确

定正确答案为D选项。

42、[答案]F （Be easily pleased）

[解析]该段通过举例来说明段落主题，提到

it cost less than a fiver but she was overjoyed，本句话的含义是“虽然礼物不值钱，但

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是让她特别开心”。并且核心词overjoyed与小标题F中pleased属于近义词。该段第二

句话在转折后提到

the reality is these things have little lasting impact on our happiness levels，即“这

些东西对我们的幸福水平影响很小。”接着最后一句总结到“感激生活中的小事情是提升我

们幸福感的一个好方式”，因此本段重点在于强调要感激生活中的小事情，所以正确答案是

F选项。

43、[答案]A （Be silly）

[解析]该段开头提及一个问题，那么问题的答案正是本段的中心句。第二句正是对问题

的解答，根据本句话的前半部分：

if we adults could indulge in a bit of silliness and giggling， 核心词silliness与选项A

中的silly为同源词，因此确定选项A为正确答案。

44、[答案]B （Have fun）

[解析]首先明确本段中第二句为转折句，在找段落中心时，是必读部分。本句话含义是

“成年人有能力按照自己的想法去享受时光（enjoy the things）”，紧接着下句举例说明

享受的这些快乐的事情分别有哪些。因此本段重点在于说明成年人可以按照自己的意愿享受

快乐时光。故选择 Have fun 。

45、[答案]E （Don’t overthink it）

[解析]该段主题句是段落首句it’s important to add that we shouldn’

t try too hard to be happy，强调“我们不应该着急要快乐”。第二句借科学家的话提到

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这样做的不良影响，下文更是引用哲学家庄子的话来证明这一论点，最后一句再次突出，我

们应以孩子为榜样，对于孩子来说，快乐不是一个目标，而是他们生活方式的自然副产品。

可见，该段整体上是总分的结构，先提出论点再论证。此外too hard与选项E中的overthink

属于近义表达，natural与overthink是反义复现。因此，答案选E。

Section III Translation

46、[解析]

句1：

The supermarket is designed to lure customers into spending as much time as pos

sible within its doors。

[题目考点]被动语态，不定式短语作目的状语

[句子结构]简单句。句子的主干是“The supermarket is designed to……”，被动语

态翻译的时候变为主动，不定式短语做目的状语，可以翻译为“旨在……”。“lure……into”

表示引诱……做……，在这里可以意译为“意在……”。“as much time as possible”表示

“尽可能长的时间……”

[重点词汇] design：设计；lure：吸引，引诱。

[参考译文]超市旨在吸引顾客在店里停留尽量长的时间。

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句2：

The reason for this is simple： The longer you stay in the store， the more stuff yo

u’ll see， and the more stuff you see， the more you’ll buy。

[题目考点]并列结构，比较结构

[句子结构]复合句。本句用连词and连接两个比较句。本句包含一个常用的比较结构

“the+形容词+……，the+形容词+……”表示“越……，越……”。

[重点词汇] the more……， the more……：越…，越…。

[参考译文]原因非常简单：顾客在店里停留的时间越长，看到的商品越多；看到的商品

越多，买的越多。

句3：And supermarkets contain a lot of stuff。

[题目考点]词的翻译

[句子结构]简单句。本句是简单的主语+谓语+宾语结构。“contain”原本表示“包含，

包括”，在本句中可以意译为“陈列”。

[重点词汇]contain：包含，包括。

[参考译文]超市陈列了大量的商品。

句4：

The average supermarket， according to the Food Market Institute， carries some

44，000 different items， and many carry tens of thousands more。

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[题目考点]并列结构

[句子结构]复合句。And连接了两个简单句。第一个简单句句子的主干是

“The average supermarket carries items……”；第二个简单句句子的主干是

“many carry……”。“ according to……”表示“根据……”做方式状语。

[重点词汇]Food Market Institute： 食品营销研究院， tens of thousands：成千上

万。

[参考译文]根据食品营销研究院的调查，一般超市里有约44000种不同的商品；大多

数超市都有上万种。

句5：

The sheer volume of available choice is enough to send shoppers into a state of in

formation overload。

[题目考点]词的翻译，不定式短语做目的状语

[句子结构]简单句。句子的主干是

“The sheer volume of available choice is enough”，不定式“to ……”做目的状语，

表示“足够去干……”。

[重点词汇]sheer：绝对的，纯粹的； available：可利用的，可供选择的；overload：

符合过多。

[参考译文]如此众多的选择足以使顾客面对的信息过于繁杂。

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句6：

According to brain-scan experiments， the demands of so much decision-making

quickly become too much for us。

[题目考点]词的翻译

[句子结构]简单句。句子的主干是“the demands……become……”，表示“需求……

变得……”。短语“：According to……”做方式状语，表示“根据……”。

[重点词汇]brain-scan：脑部扫描 ，decision-making：作出决定，决策。

[参考译文]根据脑部扫描实验，需要做这么多的决定很快就会使我们难以承受。

句7：

After about 40 minutes of shopping， most people stop struggling to be rationall

y selective， and instead began shopping emotionally—

which is the point at which we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff in our cart that

we never intended buying。

[题目考点]并列结构，定语从句

[句子结构]复合句。句子主干为

most people stop struggling to be rationally selective and instead began shopping

emotionally，其中instead和rationally，emotionally含转折和对比的意味。

after about 40 minutes of shopping为介词短语做时间状语。which is the point是

which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的整个句子。at which引导限制性定语从句，

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修饰point，相当于when，这个定语从句中主干成分为

we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff，in our cart做地点状语。句中的最后一个that

引导定语从句，修饰前面的先行词the 50 percent of stuff，整个句子中呈现从句套从句的

句式。

[重点词汇]rationally：理性地；emotionally：情感地，情绪冲动地；accumulate：

累积；cart：购物车。

[参考译文]大约购物40分钟以后，大部分顾客就无法试图做出理性的选择，而会冲动

购物——此时，在购物车里，我们已经装了一半根本没想买的东西。

[全文翻译]

超市旨在吸引顾客在自己店内停留尽量长的时间。原因很简单：顾客在店里停留的时间

越长，看到的商品就会越多；而看到的商品越多，你就会买的越多。超市有大量商品。根据

食品营销研究院所说，普通超市大概有44000种不同的商品；很多超市更是会比普通超市

多上万种商品。众多选择足以让顾客面临各种信息，不堪重负。根据脑部扫描实验，需要做

这么多的决定很快就会使我们难以承受。大约购物40分钟以后，大部分顾客就无法试图做

出理性的选择，而会冲动购物——此时，在购物车里，我们已经装了一半根本没想买的东

西。

Section IV Writing

47、 [参考范文]

Dear Jack，

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Your letter of congratulations was received。 Thank you for your nice words on m

y winning the contest。 In the letter， you asked me about the skills to do translat

ion， so the following are my advice for you。

Firstly， you should analyze the sentence structure， thus catching the meaning o

f the sentence。 Secondly， find the proper words to translate the meaning of the

source language into the target language。 Thirdly， revise your translation at le

ast three times to check if there are any mistranslations or missed meanings。

I hope my advice helpful。 Wish to see you soon。

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

48、 [参考范文]

Portrayed in the above pie chart is a survey of college students’ purposes of trav

eling。 The number of students who take traveling as a chance to see beautiful sc

enes accounts for 37%， while students who would like to travel to relieve pressur

e from study take up 35 %。

There are several reasons behind the trend revealed in the above chart。 To begin

with， as the present society is filled with fierce competition， most college stude

nts nowadays are under great pressure to stand out among others or to lunch a d

ecent job after graduation。 Therefore， they tend to choose traveling as an outle

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t to relieve their stress。 Secondly， with the fast advancement of the living stand

ards of Chinese families， traveling is increasingly affordable to most college stud

ents。 For this reason， students prefer to travel to see different views to enjoy th

emselves or to make some friends。

From my perspective， no matter what reason it is for， traveling is of great benef

it for students to

小提示：目前本科生就业市场竞争激烈，就业主体是研究生，在如今考研竞争日渐激烈的情

况下，我们想要不在考研大军中变成分母，我们需要：早开始+好计划+正确的复习思路+好

的辅导班（如果经济条件允许的情况下）。2017考研开始准备复习啦，早起的鸟儿有虫吃，

一分耕耘一分收获。加油！

2017考研励志名言：凯程老师赠送：人生能有几回搏，此时不搏何时搏！

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