2024年3月16日发(作者：)

专题

05

阅读理解之议论文

1.

（

2020

届安徽省蚌埠市高三第三次质检）

Scientist

，

conservation organizations and government trying

to stop the trend of extinction

（灭绝）

often focus on protected areas such as national parks and wildlife preserves.

But with as many as million species

（物种）

at risk

，

this plan of action may not be enough to conserve wildlife.

Slowing the mass extinction that now appears to be underway will require more creative means of coexisting

alongside wild plants and animals. A new study indicates the effectiveness of some such approaches by examining

some lands managed by indigenous groups.

“ We show really strongly that

，

from a biodiversity standpoint in terms of species richness

，

indigenous

－

managed lands are at least comparable to protected areas

，

” says biologist Richard Schuster of Carleton University.

And in some places

，

they are better than parks and preserves

－

even though indigenous communities may use

their lands’ resources by hunting or searching for food.

Schuster and his team analyzed more than 15

，

000 areas in Australia

，

Brazil and Canada. They found that the

total diversity of wildlife was highest on lands either managed or co

－

managed by indigenous groups

，

while

randomly selected areas with no formal protection were the least bio

－

diverse. For threatened species in particular

，

indigenous lands scored slightly higher than protected lands on overall species richness in Brazil and Canada

，

as

well as higher for threatened animals in Australia.

Each country has a different geography

，

climate and history. Yet remarkably

，

Schuster says

，

the best

indicator for species diversity is whether a given area was managed by an indigenous community. He pointed out

that practices such as sustainable

（可持续的）

hunting

，

fishing and searching

，

as well as burning

，

are more

likely to occur in such areas. Don Hankins

，

an ecologist at California State University

，

agrees. “ there’ s probably

going to be more of a connection to the land

，

” he says

，

“ and a use of the land for the things that are there

，

compared to a national park. ”

“ It’ s really important to listen to the people who live on the land and have them drive the stewardship efforts

going forward

，

” Schuster says

，

adding that partnering with indigenous communities may enable the world’ s

countries to better meet a wide range of conservation goals

：

“ We really need all the help we can get as a global

community to prevent species extinction that we’ re facing right now. ”

8

．

What does the underlined word “ indigenous” probably mean in Paragraph 2

？

A

．

Social.

C

．

Protected.

B

．

Native.

D

．

Threatened.

1 / 14

9

．

What did Richard Schuster find in his study

？

A

．

National parks are even higher in species diversity.

B

．

Indigenous communities overhunted on their lands.

C

．

Some preserves almost have no formal protection.

D

．

Indigenous lands do better in keeping bio

－

diversity.

10

．

Which of the following statements may Don Hankins agree with

？

A

．

Species diversity depends on geographical positions.

B

．

Humans’ everyday activities are no longer sustainable.

C

．

Indigenous groups have a close bond with their lands.

D

．

Protected areas work perfectly in wildlife protection.

11

．

What is the text mainly about

？

A

．

Beating back extinction.

C

．

Setting up nature reserves.

【答案】

8

．

B

9

．

D

10

．

C

11

．

A

【解析】本文为议论文。文章主要论述了在阻止物种的灭绝的方法中，国家公园和野生动物保护区对

物种的保护远不如当地组织的管理保护。

8

．猜测词义题。第一段

“Scientist

，

conservation organizations and government trying to stop the trend of

extinction

（灭绝）

often focus on protected areas such as national parks and wildlife preserves. But with as many

as million species

（物种）

at risk

，

this plan of action may not be enough to conserve wildlife.”

科学家、保护

组织和政府试图阻止物种灭绝的趋势，往往把重点放在国家公园和野生动物保护区等保护区。但是，由于

有多达百万种物种面临危险，这项行动计划可能不足以保护野生动物。由此可知这种国家公园和野生保护

区有不足之处。第二段

“A new study indicates the effectiveness of some such approaches by examining some lands

managed by indigenous groups.”

一项新的研究表明，通过审查

“indigenous groups”

管理的一些方法是有效的。

由此可知，这个管理是与前面

“national parks and wildlife preserves.’

国家管理是不同的，是相对的。结合第三

2 / 14

B

．

Dealing with environmental problems.

D

．

Fighting against unsustainable behaviors.