2024年3月13日发(作者：)

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．The sailors (海员) were told not to get into trouble while they were on shore.

2．He made neat paths and has built a wooden (木制的)bridge over a pool.

3．He hit upon the solution (方法) to the problem almost by accident.

4．The audience (观众) warmly applauded when the performance came to an end.

5．The first ceremony (典礼) at which we went into college is an impressive one.

6．During strong winds the ships stayed in the harbor (港口)．

Ⅱ.拓展词汇

7．extreme adj.极度的；极端的→extremely adv.极度，极其

8．expression n．表达；表情，神色→express v．表现，表达

9．powerful adj.强有力的，强大的→power n．力；势力，权力

10．fortunate adj.幸运的→unfortunate adj.不幸的；运气不好的→fortunately adv.幸运地

11．declare vt.宣布；宣称→declaration n．宣言

12．memorial adj.纪念的n.纪念碑，纪念馆→memory n．记忆；记忆力→memorize v．记忆

13．educate v．训练；训练→education n．训练；培育→educator n．训练家

[巧记单词]

词根 词形变化 构词点拨

power powerful 名词＋-ful构成形容词

memory memorize 名词变y为-ize构成动词

extreme extremely 形容词＋-ly构成副词

Ⅲ.补全短语

1．put out 公布，发布；扑灭

2．be divided into 被分成

3．come to 达到，进入(某状态)；合计，总计

4．go through 经受；顺当完成；穿过

5．pay attention to 留意

6．carry out 实行，执行；进行

7．set sail for 起航去……

8．on board 在船(飞机或火车)上

9．in memory of 纪念

10．focus on 集中精力于

11．point out 指出

1．[教材原句]His devotion to the study of Loulan has

made him a famous expert in this field.

他认真地争辩楼兰，这使他成了该领域的知名专家。

[句型点拨]“make＋宾语＋宾补”复合结构。

[佳句赏析]He was the youngest, but they decided to make him captain.

尽管他最年轻，他们仍打算选他当队长。

2．[教材原句]He took the time to answer all our questions and his answers were very wise.

他不慌不忙地回答我们全部的问题，而且他的回答布满才智。

[句型点拨]take the time to do ... “花费时间去做……”。

[佳句赏析]I had to finish a project and couldn't take the time to go on vacation.

我必需完成一项方案，没时间去度假。

3．[教材原句]Now that we're finished, does anyone have any questions?

既然我们结束了，还有人有问题吗？

[句型点拨]now that相当于since“既然，由于”，引导缘由状语从句。

[佳句赏析]The children looked lighthearted now that the final exam was over.

期终考试结束了，孩子们看上去都很轻松开心。

4．[教材原句]When we prepare a speech, the first thing to do is to plan an outline of what we want to say.

当我们预备一次演讲时，要做的第一件事是把我们要说的内容列一个提纲。

[句型点拨]当名词被序数词、形容词最高级或the only, the next等修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。

[佳句赏析]The only thing to do now is (to) change the plan.

现在要做的唯一一件事是转变方案。

1．(教材P49)One complained that the room was not clean and that it was not very comfortable either.

一个同学埋怨说房间不洁净而且也不舒适。

complain vt.& vi. 埋怨；诉苦

①I can't put up with her another day — she never stops complaining.

她成天埋怨，我一天也不能忍受了。

(1)complain (to sb.) about/of sth.

(向某人)埋怨、投诉某事

complain of sth. 诉说(病情、苦痛等)

(2)complaint n. 埋怨；诉苦

make a complaint about/of/against

埋怨……，投诉……

②They complained_to_the_police about his breaking the window.

他们因他打碎玻璃向警察投诉。

③The boy complained of a pain in his stomach.

这个男孩说肚子痛。

④They made_a_complaint_of injustice in the way they had been treated.

他们埋怨受到不公正的对待。

2．(教材P51)What has the world come to when the past matters more than the present?

当过去比现在更重要时，世界将会变成什么样子呢？

come to 达到，进入(某状态)；合计，总共；(某人)意识到；糊涂

写出下列句中come to的含义

①The two bills come to two hundred and thirty yuan.合计，总共

②I've come to the conclusion that he's not the right person for the job.达到

③When she came to, she could not, for a moment, recognize the surroundings.糊涂

④When you do a lot of hard work, you will come to know that！意识到

(1)come to oneself 恢复知觉，糊涂

when it comes to ... 当谈及……时

(2)come across (偶然)遇见；被理解

come along 一道，一起

come on 登场；加油，快点，得了吧

come up 被提出；破土而出

come out 消灭，显现，出版

⑤He became talkative when_it_comes_to playing football.

谈到踢足球时，他话多了起来。

⑥We've just come across an old friend we haven't seen for ages.

我们刚遇到了一位多年不见的老伴侣。

3．(教材P53)Below is a list of useful expressions that you can use when giving a talk.

下面是作报告时你可以使用的一些有用的表达。

expression n． 表示，表达；表情，神色

①Language is a means for the expression of thought.

语言是一种表达思想的方式。

②When he heard the news, his face took on a surprised expression.

他听到这个消息， 脸上有吃惊的表情。

(1)beyond expression 无法形容，无法表达

(2)express v. 表达，表示

express oneself 表达自己(的感情或想法)

(3)expressive adj. 有表现力的，富于表情的

③The scenery in my hometown is beautiful beyond_expression.

我家乡的景色美得无法形容。

④I find it difficult for me to express myself in English.

我发觉我难以用英语表达我的意思。

4．(教材P55)A surprise attack was carried out there by the Japanese in 1941.

1941年日本在那里发起突袭。

carry out 实行，执行；进行，履行

①A survey is being carried out throughout the country.

一项调查正在全国进行。

carry on 连续；坚持

carry h 成功完成……；顺当实现……

carry away 搬走，拿走，带走

②We must try to carry on as if nothing had happened.

我们必需连续下去，只当作什么都没有发生过。

③We are determined to_carry_through all our plans.

我们决心完成我们全部的方案。

④Water can carry_away the soil only if it is flowing fast.

水只有在流得很快的时候才能带走泥土。

5．(教材P55)It was fortunate that the US Navy's aircraft carriers were at sea that day.

幸运的是美国海军的航空母舰那天在海上。

fortunate adj. 幸运的

①I am fortunate that I have guide me in my research.

我有幸由史密斯教授指导我的争辩。

(1)be/feel fortunate to do sth. 有幸做某事

be/feel fortunate in (doing) sth. 在……方面很幸运

It is fortunate that ... ……是幸运的

(2)fortune n. [U]机会；运气

[C]大笔的钱

seek one's fortune 找出路

tell one's fortune 为某人算命

try one's fortune 碰运气

②I am fortunate to be chosen for a trip abroad.

我真幸运，被选中出国旅行。

③It_is_fortunate_that nobody was injured in the accident.

在事故当中无人受伤真是万幸。

④Many young people in the village leave for big cities to seek_their_fortune nowadays.

现在，很多年轻人离家到大城市找出路。

6．(教材P55)The next day, US President Franklin Roosevelt declared war against Japan.

其次天，美国总统富兰克林·罗斯福向日本宣战。

declare vt. 宣布，宣告，宣称

①He declared his intention to become the best actor in the world.

他宣布了自己要成为世界上最精彩的演员的意图。

declare that ... 声明/宣布……

declare war against/on ... 向/对……宣战

declare for/against sb./sth. 声明赞成/反对……

declare sb./sth.(to be)＋adj. 声称某人/某事……

②We declare that these decisions shall not be carried into practice.

我们宣布这些决议将不执行。

③The city council has declared for improving the public bus system.

该市议会宣布同意改进公共汽车系统。

④She declared herself extremely hurt by lack of his support.

她说自己格外难过，由于没有得到他的支持。

[辨析比较]

declare

常用于正式场合，指清楚、有力地宣布，公开地让人知道；常用于宣战、议和

或宣判，可接复合宾语

announce 指把人们关怀或感爱好的事正式公布于众，尤指新闻，不能跟双宾语

选择上述单词填空

①It has been announced that the flight will be delayed.

②They declared him the winner.

③He declared himself strongly in favour of the project.

7．(教材P55)In memory of the Americans who died in the attack, a national memorial was built in Pearl Harbor

just above the remains of the Arizona.

为了纪念在这次攻击中遇难的美国人，人们在珍宝港“亚利桑那”号的遗迹上建了一座国家纪念碑。

in memory of 纪念，为了纪念

①People hold dragon boat race on Dragon Boat Festival in memory of Quyuan.

人们在端午节进行赛龙舟竞赛是为了纪念屈原。

②The congress opened with a minute's silence in memory of those who died in the struggle.

大会开幕的时候有一分钟默哀时间，以纪念那些在这次斗争中死去的人。

[联想发散] in memory of属于“in＋名词＋of”短语，类似的常用短语还有哪些？完成下列短语。

①in honour of 为纪念，为庆祝

②in favour of 支持

③in place of 代替

④in praise of 赞扬，讴歌

⑤in charge of 负责

⑥in need/want of 需要

⑦in search of 查找

⑧in celebration of 为庆祝

8．(教材P56)UNESCO is going to help protect more historical places around the world and educate people so

that they can better enjoy the treasures from the past.

联合国教科文组织将帮忙爱护更多的世界范围的历史遗迹并训练人们，让他们能够更好地观赏以前的珍

宝。

educate vt. 训练

①She educated her younger daughter at home.

她在家里训练她的小女儿。

②Children need to be educated on the dangers of drug-taking.

有必要对儿童进行吸毒危害的训练。

[Word family]

③She hopes her children will get a good education.

她期望她的孩子接受良好的训练。

9．His devotion to the study of Loulan has made him a famous expert in this field.

他认真地争辩楼兰，这使他成了该领域的知名专家。

[用法分析]

句中made him a famous expert为make复合结构。



名词

make＋宾语＋宾补





形容词



动词原形



过去分词

①We make it our duty to help others.

我们把挂念别人看成我们的责任。

②Separation from his friends made him very sad.

与伴侣们分别使他很难过。

③The photographs made me think_back_to my schooldays.

这些照片使我回想起我的同学时代。

④When you talk, you have to at least make yourself understood.

你说话时至少要让别人听懂。

10．Now that we're finished, does anyone have any questions?

既然我们结束了，还有人有问题吗？

[用法分析]

now that (＝ since)“既然，由于”，是一个连词词组，引导一个表示缘由的状语从句。口语中that可以省

略。

①Now that you have expressed your determination, you should act.

你既然表示了决心， 就应当见之于行动。

②Now that you've set your mind on the goal, you must go through with the task.

既然认定了目标， 就要坚持不懈地干下去。

③Now_(that) you have grown up, you should not rely on your parents.

既然你长大了，就不应当依靠你的父母。

[联想发散] 表示缘由的其他连词还有哪些？

since,_as,_because,_for

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them interested (interest) in his lectures.

2．My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was in favor of it.

3．From the expression (express) on the interviewer's face, I could see that he wasn't really satisfied with my

performance.

4．Though others may don't agree, but from my point of view, I don't think his plan is practical; nor is it easy to

carry out.

5．Now that you've got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.

6．Specialists can come up with new ways to solve the problem of air pollution.

7．I feel very fortunate to_live (live) in such a family.

Ⅱ.选词填空

in memory of， now that， carry out， on board， declare war against

1．Britain and France declared_war_against Germany in 1939 as a result of the invasion of Poland.

2．The old general decided to write a book in_memory_of the soldiers who had died in the war.

3．They were carrying_out the plan behind the curtain.

4．Now_that they've got to know each other a little better, they get along just fine.

5．The air crash killed all the passengers on_board.

Ⅲ.语境翻译

上次驾车去边远山区时，史密斯先生听到村民们埋怨(complain)当地恶劣的生活条件(condition)。因此，在

经过与公司董事会(board)争辩之后，史密斯先生宣布(declare)公司将会捐助一笔钱以供训练(educate)边远山区

孩子之用。

Last time Mr Smith drove to the rural mountainous area, he heard the villagers complain about the bad living

conditions , after the discussion with the board of the company, Mr Smith declared that the company would

donate a large sum of money to educate the children in the rural mountainous area.

[对应同学课下力量提升(

十)]

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．Now that Carl was disabled, he had to stay in bed all day, and his house seemed to be a prison to him.

2．With so many people _to_help (help) us, we are sure to finish it on time.

3．On October 1st, 1949, Chairman Mao _declared (declare) the People's Republic of China was founded.

4．He decided to compose a song in memory of his wife who lost her life in an accident and their eternal love.

5．The first thing to_do (do) when he took charge of the company was to dismiss those unfit for their positions.

6．The sun was shining brightly, making (make) everything there look more beautiful.

7．He said he would make a complaint to the manager _against his workmate for being wronged.

8．He _was_educated (educate) at the local high school, after which he went on to Beijing University.

9．The little boy was allowed to go swimming on condition that he kept near the other boys.

Ⅱ.完成句子

1．他说他两天前已完成了工作。

He said he had_finished_the_work two days before.

2．她的纯洁丽质惹人注目。

Her innocent beauty makes her_the_focus_of_attention.

3．政府的行动不应与公众的利益相反。

The government's actions should not be_contrary_to the public interest.

4．有一条小路通往花园。

There is a road leading_to_the_garden.

5．她最终实现了戒烟的诺言。

She finally carried_out_her_promise to quit smoking.

Ⅲ.阅读理解

A

The Zhoukoudian Relics (

遗迹) Museum of palaeoanthropology (古人类学) is seated in Fangshan District in

Beijing. The museum's construction first began in 1953, totaling 1,000 square meters. It systematically (系统地)

introduces the life, environment and conditions of the Peking Man who existed 600,000 years ago, the Xindong Man

of 100,000 years ago and the Upper Cave Man of 18,000 years ago.

In 1929, Chinese palaeoanthropologist Pei Wenzhong unearthed the first complete fossilized (石化) skull from

the Peking Man in Longgu Mountain — a discovery that shook the world. In 1936, anthropologist Jia Lanpo

discovered another three fossilized skulls of the Upper Cave Man. In the late 1960s, the Xindong Man relics that

existed 100,000 years ago were excavated (发掘) in the same place. The series of important discoveries provided an

important materials for the research of the origin of mankind. Zhoukoudian was listed in the Protected Cultural Relics

by the State Council of China and World Cultural Heritage (遗产) by UNESCO.

The front of the exhibition hall is a model of Longgu Mountain, with stone specimens dating back to 100 to 400

million years in the Zhoukoudian area in the display cabinets, reflecting the geological changes in history. The models

of the fossilized skulls, the fire relics and various stone tools of the Peking Man are exhibited in the No.1 Hall. The

restored cave of the Upper Cave Man is in the No.2 Hall. The No.3 Hall contains a necklace made by the Upper Cave

Man as well as a model of the distribution of amniotes fossils and the habitants of the ancient people. In the No.4 Hall

are fossils of the ancient people found both in China and all over the world at different periods, stone tools and

drawings, paintings and other artworks of the Paleolithic Period (旧石器时代)．

语篇解读：本文主要介绍了周口店古人类学博物馆的相关状况。

1．When you visit the Zhoukoudian Relics Museum of palaeoanthropology, you will know about ________.

A．what was the life of the Peking Man like

B．what happened 600,000 years ago

C．the Xindong Man existed earlier than the Peking Man

D．the Peking Man was more developed than the Upper Cave Man

解析：选A 细节理解题。周口店古人类学博物馆系统地介绍了北京人、新洞人和山顶洞人的生活和生存

环境。

2．Which of the following is TRUE?

A．The Peking Man lived before the Xindong Man.

B．The Xindong Man relics was discovered earlier than the Upper Cave Man.

C．The discovery of the three fossilized skulls of the Upper Cave Man shook the world.

D．It is Jia Lanpo who discovered the Xindong Man relics.

解析：选A 细节理解题。北京人距今六十万年，新洞人距今十万年。

3．Zhoukoudian was listed in the Protected Cultural Relics by the State Council of China and World Cultural

Heritage by UNESCO because ________.

A．the people living there tens of millions of years ago were the oldest in the world

B．the people living there were the only ones living in China tens of millions of years ago

C．the discoveries found there are still very important for research nowadays

D．no Paleolithic relics were found in other places in China

解析：选C 细节理解题。周口店之所以被列入“受爱护的文化遗产”和“世界文化遗产”名单是由于在

那里的发觉为争辩原始人供应了重要的资料。

4．The article is mostly ________.

A．a news report by a journalist after interviewing anthropologists

B．an introduction to the Zhoukoudian Relics Museum of palaeoanthropology

C．in a text book written for students

D．a research report made by anthropologists

解析：选B 主旨大意题。文章的第一段介绍了周口店古人类学博物馆的地点、建筑时间和主要功能；其

次段介绍了周口店古人类遗址发觉的时间及被列入“受爱护的文化遗产”和“世界文化遗产”名单的缘由；第

三段介绍了博物馆四个展厅陈设的主要物品。

B

Lao Zi, also Li Dan by name, lived in late Spring and Autumn Period. He was from the state of Chu. He was a

knowledgeable person that even the great Confucius had once consulted (询问) him on things that he couldn't

understand as a young man. Lao Zi wrote the book Dao De Jing, the classic for Daoism.

“Dao” is the core (核心) of Lao Zi's philosophy. “Dao” in its original meaning, is a road that leads to all

directions. Lao Zi gave a new meaning to it. By the word Dao, he means it is the basic element (元素，成分) or root

that can give birth to all things, and at the same time, it is independent of all other things.

Lao Zi believed that things are established in their antithetical (对立的) relationship. We can see the positive (乐

观的) side of the things and at the same time, we should also see the negative (消极的) side of them. When the

opposite side develops to the extreme, it will have to turn to the other side. When things reach their prime (鼎盛时期),

they have to decline.

He also believed that quantity changes could lead to quality changes. For example, a small seed could grow into a

tall tree. He encouraged people that continued efforts will eventually bring about success.

Lao Zi was against wars and over taxation (征税) from the ruling class. His Utopia (抱负国) is: a small state with

a small population. Everything would be so convenient that people could go about their life without the need for

carriages and boats. People eat well and dress finely. Two states could be very near that each could hear the noise from

the other side, but never in their life should they have the necessity of exchange with each other. There's not even the

need for writings.

Lao Zi's philosophy later had a great influence on later philosophers.

语篇解读：文章介绍了老子的生平，具体介绍了他的思想主见。

5．Confucius had once consulted Lao Zi on things, which showed that Lao Zi ________.

A．was famous B．was hard-working

C．knew a lot D．liked to help others

解析：选C 细节理解题。依据第一段的“He was a knowledgeable person that even the great Confucius had

once consulted him”可知，由于他是一位有学问的人，所以孔子向他询问问题。故选C。

6．Lao Zi thought “Dao” ________.

A．is the root of all things B．is the end of all things

C．only means a road D．means nothing

解析：选A 细节理解题。依据其次段的“By the word Dao, he means it is the basic element or root that can

give birth to all things”可知，老子认为道是万物的根本。

7．Which of the following can be the belief of Lao Zi?

A．When misfortune reaches the limit, good fortune is at hand.

B．A bad thing never dies.

C．A close mouth catches no flies.

D．Actions speak louder than words.

解析：选A 推理推断题。A项表示“否极泰来”；B项表示“坏事传千年”；C项表示“病从口入，祸

从口出”；D项表示“事实胜于雄辩”。依据第三段可知，老子认为事物之间是对立的。故A项正确。

8．Which of the following ideas is Lao Zi for?

A．People dress well in a big country with a small population.

B．People dress well in a small country with a large population.

C．People dress well in a small country with a small population.

D．People are taxed by the ruling class.

解析：选C 细节理解题。依据第五段的“His Utopia is: a small state with a small population.”和“People eat

well and dress finely.”可知。

Ⅳ.语法填空

Crying marriage? sing (surprise), isn't it? Actually, the custom of crying marriage existed a long time ago

in Southwest China's Sichuan Province, and ed (remain) in fashion until the end of the Qing Dynasty.

gh/Though not so popular as before, the custom is still kept by people in many places, ally

(especial) Tujia people, who view it necessary to marriage procedure.

It is very much same in different places of the province. According to elderly people, every bride (新娘) had

to cry at the wedding. Otherwise, the bride's neighbors would look down upon as a poorly ed

(educate) girl and she would become the laughing stock of the village. In fact, there were cases the

bride was beaten by her mother for not crying at the wedding ceremony.

9．In a word, crying at wedding is a means by custom to express the happiness of the wedding through sorrowful

words. r,_in the arranged (支配) marriages by the Chinese parents, a lot of brides did cry over their

unsatisfactory marriage.