2024年3月12日发(作者：)

Special English for International Shipping Management

国际航运管理专业英语

Unit One

General View about International Shipping Industry

Request

Pre-Class Preparation (课前预习）

In-Class Learning (课堂学习）

After-Class Review (课后复习）

The Scores Composition:

Attendance Rate (出勤） 5%

Semi-examination （半期考试） 15%

Presentation（课堂演讲） 10%

Final Examination （期末考试） 70%

Contents

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

关于国际航运的基本观点

Unit 3 Liner Shipping Business 班轮航运业务

Unit 4 Chartering 租船业务

Unit 5 Charter Party 租船合约

Unit 7 Container Transport 集装箱运输

Unit 8 Multi-modalism 多式联运

Unit 9 Port Charges 港口费率

Unit 10 Freight 运费

Unit 11 International Ocean Shipping Agency 国际海上运输代理

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xianjinwang

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

Today’s Objectives

After this lesson, you should be able to

explain the concept of “ international shipping” and “international shipping industry”

be familiar with the relationship between international trade and shipping industry

be aware of the ocean transportation system

to know well about the macro ocean transport environment

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

海运

Shipping

Ocean Shipping

Sea Transport/Transportation

Ocean Transport

海运业

Shipping Industry

Marine Industry

Maritime Industry

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

Part I Words and Expressions

1. account for 占„比率; 常用语学术性文章或报告性文件中。

= represent / make up / take up

例句：

APEC members account for more than half of the world’s economic output.

亚太经合组织成员的经济总量在世界占一半以上。

Cotton account for 70% of our export.

棉花占我们出口的70％。

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

2. barge n. 驳船，大型游艇 ＝ lighter

Barge or Lighter refers a long, large, flat-bottomed boat used for carrying goods on rivers or

canals that is generally unpowered and towed or pushed by other craft.

驳船：一种长且大，通常平底的船，通常无动力配置，在内河及运河运输中由其它船只拖运

来运送货物。

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

例句：他是开驳船的----He drives a barge.

Some barges are pulled by small steamers.

有些驳船是由小汽船拖行的

3. berth n. 泊位

a space for a ship to dock or anchor

berth v. 停泊，靠泊

to come to a berth or dock

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

例句1：They took up a berth near the harbor.

他们在港口附近找了个泊位停靠。

例句2： The harbour master ordered the crew to berth the ship at No. 1 jetty.

港长命令船员们将船停靠在１号码头。

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

4. bulk cargo = cargo in bulk 散装货物，大宗货物

Bulk cargo is commodity cargo that is transported unpackaged in large quantities.

bulk 用作名词的基本意思是“（大）块，（大）团 ”，用于人或有空间体积的有形物质，是

不可数名词。

in bulk 大批，桶装

He bought rice in bulk.他购买了大量稻米。

breakbulk n. 件杂件货物

break bulk v. 开始卸货

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

goods 泛指一切商品

manufactured goods 工业制成品

commodity 商品（日常用品）

commodity inspection 商品检验

merchandise 商品（流通环节）

products 产品（工业产品）

cargo = freight = shipment = consignment 货物（运输环节）

item = article 物品

postal item 邮递物品

smuggle goods and articles 走私物品

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

5. chandelle n. （航空术语） 急跃升

A sudden, steep climbing turn of an aircraft with purpose of changing the direction of flight and

gaining altitude at the same time.

ship chandelling n. （航运术语）船舶用具供应

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

6. clearance n. 放行证；出入港手续

clear v. 可以用来表示“在海关通过了检查”，简称为通关或结关。

declare v. 则用来表示“向海关申报”，强调的是报关的过程； declaration n. 申报，申报单 。

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

Please clear the ship and let it dock.

给这艘船结关并靠码头。

The ship sailed as soon as it got clearance.

那艘船一办好离港手续就立刻启航了。

He should declare at the Customs.

他应该报关。

Please make a written declaration of all the goods you bought abroad.

请书面申报你在国外购买的全部物品。

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

7. constitute vt. 构成，组成，成为 ＝ make up / set up

Twelve months constitute a year. 十二个月是一年。

Courts are constituted by law. 法院是依法建立的。

constitute n. 指定，任命 ＝ appoint

He was constituted chief adviser. 他被任命为首席顾问。

The company will constitute you captain of the ship. 公司将任命你担任这条船的船长。

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

8. equivalent adj. 相当的，相同的，同等的

equivalent指在数量、价值、时间等方面“相同的”,常用于“be equivalent to sth / Ving”结

构中。

A dime is equivalent to 10 pennies.

一角银币等于十便士。

Changing her job is equivalent to giving her the sack.

那样调换她的工作等于是解雇她。

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

9. freight rate n. 运费 ＝ freight ；运费率

freight用作名词时意思是“货物”或“运费”, 用作动词时表示“运输”或者“货运”。

This freight must be carefully handled when loading.

这批货物装货时必须小心。

The freight rates （or freight ）and the insurance premium are not included in the price.

这个价格还不包含运费和保险费。

They freighted goods to Japan.

他们把货物运往日本。

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

10. many-compartmented adj. 多舱的

注解：船舶舱室对应的英文单词有: “hold”, “tank”, “hatch” “compartment”；

它们之间的区别为：

“hold” 表示干散货货舱，

“tank” 表示液体货舱，

“hatch” 主要表示“舱口，舱门”，

“compartment” 表示“隔间，小室”。

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

11. navigational adj. 导航的

navigational aids 导航设备

navigate v. 驾驶，航行

navigation n. 导航，航行，航海学

The compass is an instrument of navigation. 罗盘是导航仪器。

Navigation is difficult on this river because of hidden rocks. 由于多暗礁,在这条河上航行很困

难。

He has decided to study navigation. 他已决定学习航海术。

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

12. pier = jetty n. 码头

a structure built out over water on pillars and used as a landing place or a walk

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

wharf = quay = dock n. 码头

A structure of solid construction along a shore or bank that provides berthing and generally

provides cargo-handling facilities，usually built parallel to the shoreline.

指在海边用木头或者石头等修建起的平台用来装卸货物，规模比较小，通常指与海岸平行的

码头。

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

dock n. 船坞

The area of water between two piers or alongside a pier that receives a ship for loading, unloading,

or repairs.

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

Harbour n. 港口

a place on the coast where vessels may find shelter, especially one protected from rough water by

piers, jetties, and other artificial structures.

指海洋中有码头、桥栈或防波堤的可以避风浪的天然海港，或者人造港湾——通常指商业港

口

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

Port n. 港口

a port is a location on a coast or shore containing one or more harbors where ships can dock and

transfer people or cargo to or from land.

既指“口岸”和“港市”，还指装卸货物和上下旅客的“港口”，还包括刚开全部入口，小港，

船坞，码头，办公设施等。

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

The Definition of Shipping

International shipping refers to the carriage of goods or passengers by ship from the port of origin

to the port of destination.

The Definition of Shipping Industry

The people, companies and organizations which operates and supports the sea transport in the

world is known as the international shipping industry.

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

Part I Reading Concept of International Shipping

national entity 国家实体

release vt. 发布，发行；放行

Our goods must be up to export standard before the inspection bureau release them.

我们的货物只有在符合出口标准后商检局才会放行。

The duties on goods damaged prior to Customs release may be deducted in accordance with the

degree of damage confirmed by the Customs.

在海关放行前遭受损坏的货物，可以根据海关认定的受损程度减征关税。

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

Conferences on trade and development of the United Nations 联合国贸易与发展大会

load vt 装载 unload 卸货 = discharge

When the goods have been loaded, you can get the B/L signed by the master of the vessel.

货物装船之后，你可以得到由船长签字的提单。

load n. 装载量 = capacity shipload 船舶运载量

Before this, the biggest load of container ship is about 5688 boxes in China.

此前，中国集装箱船的最大装载量为5688个箱子。

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

derive from 起源 ; 导出 ; 取得 ; 由„来

economy in transit 过渡性经济

have effects on = have repercussion on 对„„有影响

passenger fares 旅客票价

lot n. 一票货物

Sea-land Service 海陆联运公司

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

Seabees （sea barge）西比式（海蜂式）载驳船

LASH（lighter-aboard ships）拉西式载驳船

The International Iceberg Patrol 国际冰面巡逻队

The International Load-Line Convention 国际船舶载重线公约

International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea 国际海上生命安全公约

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

Words and Expressions III

1. appreciation n. 上涨，升值；

the appreciation of Yuan 人民币升值

The appreciation of the dollar against the yen is in your favor.

美元对日元的升值对你有利。

appreciate v. 增值

Houses in this area have all appreciated in value since the new road was built.

新路建好之后这一地区的房子都增值了。

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

depreciate v. 贬值;

currency depreciation 货币贬值

Money usually depreciates in value over a period of years.

金钱通常在一些年后贬值。

By 1988, the dollar depreciation had contributed to a falling U.S. trade deficit.

到了1988年，美元的贬值终于使美国的贸易逆差下降。

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

2. sluggish = stagnated adj. 停滞的

By contrast, both the American economic growth rates have become more sluggish.

相比之下，美国经济增长速度却慢得多。

Soon after the Asian financial crisis struck , the world economic growth stagnated.

受亚洲金融危机冲击，世界经济增长放慢；

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

Part 2 Listening : International Shipping and International Trade

as can be seen 可被视为

highlights 强调，突出，现金网显著

highlight the importance 显得很突出

economic integration 经济一体化

the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 独立国际联合体（独联体）

leading exporter 主要出口国（商）

leading importer 主要进口国（商）

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

Part 2 Listening : International Shipping and International Trade

reinforcing 加强

primary commodities 初级产品

mining products 煤矿产品

amount to 达到，等同于

production constraints 产品约束条件

outpace 超过，远远高于

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

The relationship of shipping and international trade.

The development of international trade gives an opportunity for the growth of shipping

Seaborne Trade dominates international trade.

In conclusion, Shipping exists because trade exists, while trade only exists because shipping does.

Growth in world trade directly impacts on seaborne trade and demand for shipping services.

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

The Development of China Shipping Industry

In the early stage of the foundation of the People’s Republic of China, ocean shipping was nearly

in the blank.

China started its modern shipping from the 1960s.

China today is one of the largest countries in the world.

The output of major marine industries is surging from RMB 6 million in 1978 to RMB 2.5

trillion in 2007, and the ratio of its contribution to the country's GDP growth rising 10%.

Unit 1 General View about International Shipping Industry

Today, China has more than 1,500 oceangoing fleets, sailing among 1,100 harbors worldwide,

with a capacity of 85.66 million deadweight tonnage (DWT) of goods, bringing it up from the

twelfth rank position in 1978 to the current third in the world.