2024年2月28日发(作者：)

圣才电子书

十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台

第11章 Condensation（缩译法）

11.1 复习笔记

Condensation is a technique employed to achieve conciseness and

contractedness in translation. On the one hand, we may pitch out a word or a

phrase from a simple sentence and make it into a word-group, a clause or a

sentence, or we may split a complex sentence into two or more clauses or

sentences; on the other ,we may condense a phrase into a word, a clause into a

word-group, a complex or a compound sentence into a simple sentence, or two or

more simple sentences into one simple sentence, to make our translation concise

or contracted.

缩译法是为了实现译文的简洁精悍而采取的一种翻译技巧，主要有以下四种方式：把短语和从句压缩成词语或词组；把复合句压缩成简单句；把并列句压缩成简单句；把多个简单句压缩成一个简单句。

Condensation in English-Chinese translation further testifies to the difference

between hypotaxis of English and parataxis of Chinese.

缩译法更深刻地体现了英文的形合结构和中文的意合结构之间的不同。

一、Condensation of Phrases and Clauses（压缩短语或从句）

E.g.

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氢有多种制法。

圣才电子书

十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台

There are many methods by which hydrogen can be prepared.

二、Condensation of Complex Sentences into Simple Sentences（把复合句压缩成简单句）

E.g.

No one has told them about the British custom of lining up for a bus so that the

first person who arrives at a bus stop is the first person to get on the bus.

谁也没有跟他们说过，英国人有排队候车、先到先上的习惯。

三、Condensation of Compound Sentences into Simple Sentences（把并列句压缩成简单句）

E.g.

They sat down in the waiting room to do some reading, and people came to

and fro there.

他们在人来人往的候车室里坐下来看点书。

四、Condensation of Two or More Simple Sentences into One Simple Sentence（把两个或两个以上的简单句压缩成一个简单句）

E.g.

It was April 1945. The Second World War was coming to an end.

1945年4月，第二次世界大战已接近尾声。

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圣才电子书

十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台

11.2 课后习题详解

11.1 Condensation of Phrases and Clauses（压缩短语或从句）

Drills 11.1

4.

At the earliest opportunity he ordered the cavalry to ride out and clear the level

ground in the occupation of the enemy.

【答案】机会一到（一有机会）他就下令骑兵出击去清理平地上的敌人阵地。

5. We must bring forward a new design

at the earliest possible date.

【答案】我们必须尽早提出一项新方案。

6. Nature is bountiful in her variety, yet economical

in the way she makes things.

【答案】虽然大自然是这样的丰富多彩，但她在造物时却甚为节约。

7. If this continues the land will soon look like a desert.

【答案】如此下去，这块土地很快就会变得像沙漠一样。

11.2 Condensation of Complex Sentences into Simple Sentences（把复合句压缩成简单句）

Drills 11.2

7.

Before the night was far advanced, they began to move against the enemy.

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圣才电子书

十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台

【答案】入夜不久，他们开始向敌人进击。

8. I should like the proposal to be read out as it was made.

【答案】我希望有人把把原始提案宣读一下。

9. The only alternative was to go on with the sowing

the way they had planned it.

【答案】唯一的选择是按照他们原来的计划继续播种。

10.

It was a hope which reflected the conviction expressed some years earlier by the

then British Prime Minister, Mr. Asquith.

【答案】这个希望反映了前英国首相阿斯奎斯先生若干年前所表达的信念。

11.

They are participating in a movement which is shaking the world.

【答案】他们正在参加一个震撼世界的运动。

12. I saw a cow

that was grazing under a tree.

【答案】我看见一头母牛在树下吃草。

13.

Once you pick it up, you can’t put it down.

【答案】欲罢不能。/骑虎难下。

14.

Is it history

you are reading?

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【答案】你在读历史吗？

圣才电子书

十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台

15. It is certain that the final victory will belong to the world’s people.

【答案】最后胜利肯定是属于世界人民的。

16.

It is very likely

that their group will get ahead of us.

【答案】他们小组很可能会超过我们。

17.

It may be

that something has gone wrong with the machine.

【答案】可能是机器出了毛病。

18. Air moves from places where the pressure is high

to places where the pressure is

low.

【答案】空气从气压高的地方流向气压低的地方。

19. There are many methods

by which hydrogen can be prepared.

【答案】氢有多种制法。

20.

All you have to do is to press the button.

【答案】你只要按电钮就行了。

21.

It is a year since this motor was put into service.

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圣才电子书

十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台

【答案】这台电动机投入使用已经一年了。

22. Long ago

there was a time

when people did not know how to make artificial

light.

【答案】很久以前有一个时期人们不知道如何制出人造光。

23.

We are firm in the belief

that all objective things can be known.

【答案】我们坚信一切客观事物都是可知的。

24.

That is the only thing we can do at the moment.

【答案】目前我们只能干这件事。

25. The most pressing problem,

as far as Sudanese government sees things, is that

of poverty.

【答案】苏丹政府认为最紧迫的问题是贫困问题。

26. The turbines drive the dynamos

which generate the electricity.

【答案】涡轮机推动发电机发电。

27. One was Jim’s gold watch,

which had been his father’s and his grandfather’s. (O. Henry:

The Gifts)

【答案】有一样东西是吉姆三代祖传的金表。

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