2024年2月18日发(作者：)

车辆工程外文翻译-汽车主减速器

汽车主减速器

汽车主减速器是指连接传动轴和差速器的动力传输系统的一部分。它的功能是将传动轴传输的动力方向转换90度，传递到驱动轮轴。同时，它提供了传动轴和驱动车轮之间的固定速比。

GEAR RATIO

The gear。of a final drive is the。of the number of teeth on

the ring gear to the number of teeth on the XXX at the wheels。but will also result in lower top speed。A lower gear。will

provide less torque at the wheels。but will result in higher top

speed.

齿轮比

汽车主减速器的齿轮比是环齿上齿数和小齿轮上齿数的比率。这个比率决定了传递到驱动车轮的扭矩大小。更高的齿轮比将提供更多的扭矩，但也会导致较低的最高速度。更低的齿轮比将提供更少的扭矩，但将导致更高的最高速度。

TYPES OF FINAL DRIVES

There are several types of final drives。including the hypoid。spiral bevel。and worm gear final drives。The hypoid final drive

is the most commonly used in modern vehicles。as it provides a

high gear。and is XXX final drive is commonly used in high-performance vehicles。as it provides a XXX。The worm gear

final drive is rarely used。as it is less efficient and provides a

lower gear。

汽车主减速器的类型

汽车主减速器有几种类型，包括斜齿轮、螺旋锥齿轮和蜗轮蜗杆主减速器。斜齿轮主减速器是现代车辆中最常用的类型，因为它提供了较高的齿轮比，并且比其他类型更高效。螺旋锥

齿轮主减速器通常用于高性能车辆，因为它提供了更平稳、更安静的行驶体验。蜗轮蜗杆主减速器很少使用，因为它效率较低，并且提供较低的齿轮比。

MAINTENANCE

Proper maintenance of the final drive is XXX to the gears。It

is also important to check for any leaks or damage to the final

drive。and to have any XXX.

保养

正确的汽车主减速器保养对车辆的寿命和性能至关重要。定期检查齿轮油液位并按建议的间隔更换齿轮油是很重要的，以确保适当的润滑并防止齿轮损坏。还要检查汽车主减速器是否有泄漏或损坏，并及时解决任何问题。

The gear。of the final drive is XXX the number of teeth on

the ring gear by the number of XXX。this XXX from about 3:1 to

5: in trucks it varies from about 5:1 to 11: calculate the

rear axle。simply count the number of teeth on each gear and

divide the number of XXX by the number of ring gear teeth。For

example。if the n gear has 10 teeth and the ring gear has

rear axle。would be 3:1.

Manufacturers XXX car。is 3.50:1.A higher axle。such as

4.11: increase n and pulling power but decrease XXX。This means that the engine would have to run XXX cruising speed。On the other hand。a lower axle。of 3:1 would ce n and pulling

power but increase XXX。This would cause the engine to run at a

lower RPM while maintaining the same speed.

Hypoidgears。on the other hand。have n and ring gear axes

that are offset from each other。This design XXX。XXX。they

require special XXX。it is XXX.

The hypoid gear final drive is a common design found in light

and medium trucks。as well as all domestic rear-XXX。which it

has largely XXX design helps to lower the hump in the XXX-meshing n。In this design。the n meshes with the ring gear below

the XXX of less than 90 degrees。This can be seen in Figure shows different types of final drives.

The double-XXX a constant size of the ring gear and housing。This is achieved through the use of heavier。larger teeth and a ced

drive angle。which is similar to the spiral bevel but includes some

characteristics of the worm gear。The XXX。XXX in contact at

the same time。This design increases gear life and ces gear noise

due to the wiping n of the teeth。but requires heavy-grade

lubricants to handle the heavy tooth pressure.

The final drives shown in Figure 5-13 typically only have a

single fixed gear n。which is the only XXX and light- to medium-duty trucks een XXX.

Heavy-duty trucks utilize double-XXX and ring gear。which

act as a single fixed gear n final drive。In Figure that the

secondary n is mounted on the primary ring gear shaft。The

second gear n is a result of the secondary n。which is firmly

attached to the primary ring gear。It drives a XXX vehicles。such

as the 5-XXX size incorporate a single- or n final drive with ns for

two speeds.

Figure 5-14 shows the n final drive。This type of final drive

is used in heavy-duty trucks。It XXX。XXX vehicles。and many

XXX of this size use a single- or n final drive with ns for two

speeds。

n final drives are XXX and ring gear。which act as a single

fixed gear n final drive。In Figure secondary n is

mounted on the primary ring gear shaft。This results in a second

gear n。as the XXX vehicles。like the 5-XXX size incorporate a

single- or n final drive with ns for two speeds.

The two-speed or。final drive is a XXX with a single drive

axle (see Fig。5-15)。The operator can choose the range or speed

of the XXX.

XXX different load and road ns。the two-speed final drive

provides greater flexibility。For instance。a vehicle with a two-speed unit and a five-speed n can have up to ten different forward

speeds。This unit offers a high gear。for pulling heavy loads up

steep grades。as well as a low。for running the vehicle at high

speeds with a light load or no load。

Overall。the two-speed final drive XXX more ns for the

operator to choose from.

The two-speed unit in this system XXX and ring gear drive。but with the n of XXX case。The internal gear of the XXX to the

bevel drive gear。while a ring on which the ary gears XXX case。To control the system。a member consisting of the sun gear and a

dog clutch slides on one of the axle shafts and can be controlled by

a button or XXX.

When in high range。the sun gear meshes with the internal

teeth on the ring carrying the ary gears and disengages the dog

clutch from the left bearing adjusting ring。XXX。In this n。the

pXXX and there is no relative n een the XXX gear。the same as in

a XXX single fixed gear final drive.

When the XXX。XXX at the same speed。This is achieved

through the use of ary gears XXX case。The sun gear is connected

to the drive shaft and the internal gear is XXX.

XXX Range n

When the vehicle is shifted into low range。the sun gear is

slid out of mesh with the ring carrying the XXX n with the left

bearing adjusting ring。Since the sun gear is integral with the dog

clutch。it is also locked to the XXX。and the differential case is

driven by the ring on which the ary gears are pivoted。This n

produces the gear n。or low speed。of the axle.

Importance of the Differential

XXX differential。the tires would tend to slide。squeal。and

XXX。

In summary。XXX different speeds。it XXX。The low

range n of the differential provides nal power and torque for off-XXX.

是汽车动力传动系统中的重要组成部分。当车辆直行时，环齿、差速器壳、差速器小齿轮和差速器侧齿轮一起旋转。由于两个差速器小齿轮对侧齿轮施加相等的力，它们不会在小齿

轮轴上旋转。因此，侧齿轮以与环齿相同的速度旋转，导致两个后轮以相同的速度旋转。

转弯时，差速器小齿轮会在小齿轮轴上旋转。这是因为小齿轮必须绕着旋转较慢的差速器侧齿轮移动。因此，小齿轮会将额外的旋转运动传递给转动更快的外侧轮子。差速器速度被认为是100%。小齿轮的旋转作用将90%的速度传递给减速的内侧轮子，并将110%的速度传递给更快旋转的外侧轮子。这个作用使车辆能够在转弯时不打滑或打滑轮子。

图5-15.——双速终传动

The main cer is a component of the power n system een the

drive shaft and the differential。Its n is to change the XXX to the

drive axle by 90 degrees。At the same time。it provides a fixed n

een the speed of the XXX.

The n and gear。of the main cer depend on the number of

teeth on the ring gear and the XXX。for buses is een 3:1 and

5: for trucks it is een 5:1 and 11: rear axle drive。is

XXX into the ring gear。For example。if the n gear has 10 teeth

and the ring gear has 30 (30 divided by 10)。the rear axle。will be

3:cturers consider the balance een performance and cost

when installing the rear axle drive。with an average。of 3.50:1 for

buses.

A higher axle。such as 4.11: increase n and power but

decrease XXX。The engine will have to suddenly increase XXX

the same speed。A lower axle。such as 3: ce n and pulling

power but increase XXX。The engine will suddenly decrease

XXX the same speed.

The main components of the main XXX contact een the gear

teeth。the ring XXX。This means that it is an axial gear that can

be ned on each side of the n gear。The oil seal is used to XXX.

XXX is on the same XXX and ring gear。This type of main

XXX。This design allows for constant contact een the ring gear

and n gear。and therefore requires a high-grade lubricant.

XXX used in light and medium-duty trucks and all domestic

four-XXX Figures (less than 90 degrees).

This angle and the use of XXX the size and volume of the

ring gear。This tooth design is similar to the spiral bevel。but

includes some worm gear features。This XXX。XXX in contact

with the large XXX can increase gear life and ce gear noise when

more than one tooth is in contact at the same time。XXX

significant pressure。so high-grade lubricating oil is required.

Two-stage main cer

In the main cer shown in Figure is a unique fixed

XXX and the wheels of most cars。light and medium trucks.

XXX is used in heavy trucks。With this arrangement (Figure

5-14)。we do not need a large XXX by a small gear。and the ring

gear serves as a single fixed gear n for the main cer。Referring to

Figure note that the secondary small gear is mounted on

the main ring gear shaft。The second stage gear XXX。such as 5-

ton trucks。Many commercial vehicles of this size are designed

with a single or double main XXX.

The two-speed or two XXX used in single-drive axle vehicles。(Figure 5-15) The operator selects the range or speed of this axis

through a button XXX.

The two-XXX。For example。if a car has a two-speed unit

and a five-speed n。there are ten different forward speeds

available。This unit provides a sufficiently high gear。to ensure

that the heavy load can travel at low speed。and a low。to allow

the vehicle to run at high speed in the case of light or no load.

XXX umbrella gears drive the two-speed unit。but a ary gear

system XXX。There is a ring on which the ary gears rotate。XXX。comprising a sun gear and a pawl clutch。slides on one half shaft

and is controlled by a button or XXX.

When in the high range。the meshing sun gears and the

internal gears carried by the ring on the left XXX。XXX。At this

n。the ary gear system XXX。There is no relative n een the XXX.

When switching to the low range。the sun gear XXX with the

ring。The XXX and the left adjustment ring form a rigid n。Because the sun gear is also part of the pawl clutch。it is XXX is

driven by the ary gears mounted on the pivot through the gear。This n will produce XXX.

一辆汽车的后轮在行驶时，并不总是以相同的速度运转。当汽车转弯或者轮胎直径不同时，后轮必须以不同的速度运转，否则会导致滑动、噪音和磨损等问题。为了解决这个问题，设计了差速器。

差速器的作用是防止轮胎滑动、发出尖锐的噪声以及磨损。如果每个轴和差速器壳之间都有一个固体连接，那么轮胎就会出现以上问题。因此，差速器的设计非常重要。

在直线行驶时，齿圈、差速器壳、差速器小齿轮和差速器边缘齿轮像一个单元一样运转。两个差速器小齿轮不在一个小

齿轮轴上运转，因为它们施加相等的力量到变齿轮上。结果，两个车轮以相同的速度运转。

当车辆按曲线行驶时，差速器齿轮旋转在小齿轮轴上。这是因为小齿轮必须绕着差速器侧齿轮缓慢旋转。因此，在转弯时，小齿轮会带动差速器旋转运动，使外转向轮运动速度更快。