2024年2月5日发(作者：)

中考英语补全对话解题技巧

一、命题规律

补全对话又称为情景对话，主要考查学生的口语表达能力和对英语的运用能力。这类题主要考查学生对日常生活中经常运用的会话习语及其应答的掌握情况，如打电话、购物、看病、感谢、抱怨、谈论天气、问题、禁止、警告等。这种题有较为固定的语言模式，可以在做题过程中充分利用。

二、解题步骤

补全对话可采用纵观—先易—后难—检查四步法，快速答题：

第一步，纵观：通读整篇对话及所给选项，迅速推测对话背景、双方身份与彼此关系，理解内容大意。

第二步，先易：细读对话，尤其是注意空格的前后文所提供的大量信息，还要注意标点符号给予的启示，结合对空格上下文的逻辑推理，将有把握的答案先定下来。

第三步，后难：通过对有关部分的再读与推敲，查漏补缺，解决遗留问题。

第四步，检查：将所选答案全部放入对话中，把整个对话重读一遍，仔细检查，核对答案，排除干扰项，着重检查问答是否一致，对话是否通顺流畅，前后句子是否符合逻辑，是否符合英语的习惯用法。

三、解题技巧

1. 面向整体内容，切忌片面理解

答题时，可以跳过空行，快速把全篇对话通读一遍，了解对话的整体结构，把握对话的内容及语境，因为语境决定了语言的表达方式、双方说话人的态度以及表达的内容。通过通读对话，了解对话的基本内容和交际情景，可以确定此题目属于哪一类交流话题，如打电话、问路、购物、看病、邀请、约会、就餐、谈论喜好等，这些不同的场景有其特定的习惯表达方式和惯用句式。做题时应该运用相关的常用句式，这样才会得心应手。因而，在做题时，应在理解全篇对话内容的基础上，准确地把握语言环境，把自己“置身”于语境之中，理解双方谈话的意图。

2. 结合语境，逐句推敲对话

在弄清楚话题的基础上，要细读对话，仔细推敲，充分利用已知的有效信息，摸清对话发生的地点、时间、人物的身份等。要注意对话中的标点符号（如问号、句号、省略号、感叹号等）暗示的意思，由易到难，逐层深入，先将有把握的答案确定下来，暂时放下不能确定下来的答案，然后回过头来再解决难题。如果是选择题，则在选择过程中注意把已选出的选项划去，避免重复选择带来的错误。

3. 前后照应，上下呼应

补全对话中最重要的一个解题技巧就是上下句呼应原则，因此考生要从整体理解对话出发，注意前后照应，密切关注上下文之间的关系，并依照上下文的关系来考虑要填的句子。补全对话的上下呼应原则，主要体现为三个规律：

1) 在购物场景中最常考查的是颜色、价格、大小三种提问方式，通常是给出答案而考察疑问句。因此，同学们需要记住，提到了red，green，yellow等颜色的句子对应的疑问句中一定包含color这个单词就可以了，同样的，如果下句提到数字，上句一定在问尺寸（what size）或者价格（how much）,两者的区别是问价格的时候通常在数字后面加单位（yuan或dollar），这样就很容易区别了。

2)在非购物场景中通常会有关于人物、地点、时间三种问法，下句中包含大写字母词那就回到选项中寻找who引导的疑问句；如果出现at，in，from或者是gate，zoo，building等信号词时，就会到选项中选择where引导的疑问句；如果出现数字就回到选项中选择以when或者是what time引导的疑问句。关于时间的提问主要有以下两种：“in+时间”提问的是“how soon”（多久），“once+时间”提问的是“how often”（频率）。

3)在补全对话中，上下句的时态应该保持一致，结合对话的时态做题，一般在补全对话里面以一般现在时，一般将来时，一般过去时以及现在完成时为考试重点。利用好这一点又为我们提供一个排除干扰项的方法。

四、注意事项

在做补全对话时，考生要注意以下几点：

1. 熟读背诵日常交际用语

熟读背诵初中英语教材中出现过的日常交际用语，如：问候、介绍、问路、看病、购物、就餐、祝愿、打电话、谈天气等情境中的固定句式和习惯表达方式。只有这样，做题时才能得心应手。

2. 掌握各交际项目的习惯用法

平时牢固掌握初中英语教材中出现的30个交流项目以及它们各自特定的习惯表达方式和惯用句型，答题时就能迅速地回忆起与对话内容有关的日常交际用语及习惯表达法，并且灵活地进行运用，才能保证所使用的语言符合英语在情景交流中的表达习惯。

3.要符合西方人的语言表达习惯

不同的国家有不同的风俗习惯和生活习惯，在语言交际中也有各种不同的差异。在交际语言的选用中，由于受到各自的文化背景的影响，我们和西方人的表达方式和习惯也就不同。因而，在补全对话过程中，我们要注意对话表达要符合西方人的语言表达习惯。

对日常生活中同一话题，英汉两种语言可能会有不同的表达方式，不同的中西方文化差异，要靠我们平时学习中不断的积累归纳和总结。由于东西方文化和思维的差异，当中国学生学英语时，难免会用汉语进行思维，从而说出不地道的英语表达，比如中式英语，从而把思路带到干扰项中去。

因此，凡是具有文化差异的典型例句，比如像 “Have you eaten? ”或“What do

you want to buy? ” 这类的句子，在对话中都要避免使用。

4. 注意空白处的标点符号

空白处是问号，就应填问句；是句号，就应填陈述句。通常一个补全对话会有3-4的问句，包括特殊疑问句和一般疑问句。在判断是哪一种疑问句时，只需要看回答即可，如果是用YES或NO回答，考生要想到用一般疑问句提问，也就是通常用be动词，情态动词或者助动词提问。这里面要注意的是助动词和be动词的时态，要根据整个对话的时态来判断。

五、补全对话基础知识大全

一.社会交际：

1.问候

(1)A:Hello/Hi.B:Hello/Hi.

(2)A: are you?

B:Fine, thank (how are)you?

A:Very well, thank you.

(3)A:Good morning/afternoon/evening.

B: Good morning/afternoon/evening.

(4)A:Hi, Jim!

B:Hi, Li to meet you again！

(5) A:Hi, Sam!How are you today?

B:Oh, hello, Lin , about you?

(5)Please say hello to your parents.

Please give my best wishes to your parents.

2.介绍

(1)自我介绍：

①A:My name is Lin to meet you.

B:Nice to meet name is Li Lei.

①A:Excuse ’s your name, please?

B:My name is Robert Thomas Brown.

A:May I call your Robert?

B:Certainly./Of course.

(2)介绍他人：

①A:This is Mr Huang.

B:How do you do?

C:My name is Lin do you do? /Nice to meet you.

①A:This is .

B:Nice to meet you.

C:Glad to meet you.

注意：在交际场合，介绍常常伴随着问候，可参见问候用语。

3.告别

(1)告别前，客方表示要离开的常用语：

①I am afraid I must be going now.

①I am afraid I must go now.

①I think it’s time for me to leave now.

①I think it’s time for us to go now.

(2)双方相互道别时的常用短语：

Goodbye! Bye-bye! Bye! See you later! See you!

4.感谢和应答

(1)感谢某人：

① Thank you./Thanks a lot./Thank you very much.

① Thank you for you help.

① It’s very kind/nice of yoou.

① Thank you all the same.

(2)回答感谢时的答语：

① It’s a pleasure./With my pleasure.

① That’s OK./That’s all right.

① You’re welcome.

① Not at all.

5.道歉

(1)当要麻烦别人时：

Excuse me, please! I beg your pardon.

(2)当做错某事时：

Sorry. I’m sorry for… I’m sorry that…

(3)回答道歉时的答语：

① Never mind.

① That’s OK./That’s all right.

① It’s nothing.

① It doesn’t matter.

6.邀请和应答

(1)表示邀请的用语：

① Will you come to my party?

① Would you like to go for a walk?

① May I invite you to dinner?

① How/What about going for a walk?

(2)接受邀请时的答语：

① Yes, I’d love/ike to.

① ’s very kind of you.

① That would be nice.

(3)拒绝邀请时的答语：

No, thank you. I’d love/like to, but…

7.请求和应答

(1)表请求的用语：

May I …? Can/Could I…?

Would mind if I smoke here?

(2)表肯定的答语：

Sure/Certainly. Yes, do please.

That’s all right. Of course, you can.

(3)表否定时的答语：

I’m afraid not. I’m sorry, but you mustn’t/can’t.

You’d better not.

8.祝愿、祝贺和应答

(1)祝贺用语：

Have a good day/time! Have a good journey/trip.

Good luck. Enjoy yourself! Best wishes to you!

Happy New Year! Merry Christmas! Well done!

Happy birthday! Congratulations!

(2)应答：

Thank you. You, too. The same to you.

9.提供帮助和应答

(1)提供帮助：

Can I help you ? Would you like me to help you ?

What can I do for you ? Let me help you.

(2)肯定回答：

Yes, please. Yes, thanks. Thank you for your help.

Thank you. That would be nice.

(3)否定答语：

No, thanks/thank you.

That’s very nice of you, but I can’t manage it myself.

10.约会

(1)约会前询问对方有无空闲时间：

Are you free this morning/afternoon/evening?

(2)常用答语：

Yes, I’ll be free then.

No, I won’t be free I will be free tomorrow.

(3)提出约会时间、地点以征求对方意见的用语：

How about tomorrow morning?

Shall we meet at 3:00 at the school gate?

(4)常用答语：

Yes, that’s all right. All right, see you then.

11.打电话

(1)打电话人常用语：

Hello! May I speak to…?

Is that …speaking? (注意：不能用Are you…? 或Who are you)

Can I leave a message ?

I’ll call back later/again.

I’ll ring/call him/her up again.

(2)接电话人常用语：

Hello!This is Tom speaking. (注意：不能用I’m Tom)

Hello!Who is that？ Hold on, please!

Tom isn’t here right now. Sorry, but Tom is out.

Can I take a message for you ?

Sorry, I’m afraid you have the wrong number.

12.就餐

(1)主人常用语：

What would you like to have ?

Would you like something to drink ?

Help yourself to some chicken ?

Would you like some more rice ?

(2)客人常用语：

Yes, I’d like a drink. I’d like rice and chicken.

Just a little, please. Can I have some more soup?

It’s so you.

No, thank you.I’ve had enough.

I’m full, thank you.

13.看病

(1)医生诊断常用语：

What’s the matter? What’s wrong with you ?

Do you have a fever? How long have you felt like this?

It’s nothing serious. You’ll be all right/well soon.

Take this medicine three times a day.

(2)病人叙述病情常用语：

I feel terrible/bad. I don’t feel well.

I’ve got a cold/cough/headache.

I’ve got a pain here.

There is something wrong with my eyes.

It hurts here. I can’t sleep well.

14.购物

(1)售货员常用语：

Can/May I help you？ What can I do for you?

What color/size/kind do you like?

What about this one? Here’s your change.

(2)顾客常用语：

I want/would like a pair of shoes.

How much is it/are they? May I try it on?

It’s too small/big. Sorry, it’s too expensive.

Do you have any other colors/sizes/kinds?

That’s fine. I’ll take it.

Just have a look. Well, I’ll think about it.

15.问路和应答

(1)问路用语：

Excuse me, where is the nearest post office?

Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the shop?

Excuse me, how can I get to the nearest shop?

Excuse me, which bus goes to People’s Park?

(2)应答：

It’s over there. It’s about 500 meters from here.

Go down the street until you see the tall building.

Turn right/left at the first crossing/corner.

You can take bus No.103.

You’d better take a taxi.

Sorry, I don’t know.I’m a stranger here.

16.谈论天气

(1)询问天气情况：

What’s the weather like today?

How is the weather in Beijing?

(2)陈述天气情况：

What a cold/hot day today!

It’s a nice/fine/beautiful day today.

It’s sunny/cloudy/windy/rainy/snowy/foggy.

It’s getting cool/cold/warm/hot.

17.语言交际困难

Pardon? /I beg your pardon.

Sorry, I can’t follow you.

Could you speak again/more slowly?

I don’t know how to say that in English?

How do you spell it, please?

I’m sorry I only know a little English.

18.提醒注意

Don’t forget your raincoat. No smoking.

Remember to lock the door. Look out.

It’s dangerous. Be careful. Don’t touch.

19.劝告

You’d better go to see the doctor.

You should listen to and read English every day.

You need to buy a Chinese-English dictionary.

20.建议

Let’s go and have a look.

What/How about a picnic this Sunday?

Why don’t you/Why not go to a movie?

二.态度

1.同意和不同意

(1)表示赞同的常用语：

Certainly. Sure. Of course. Yes, please.

Yes, I think so. All right. OK.

That’s a good idea. I agree with you.

(2)表示不同意的常用语：

No, I don’t think so. I’m afraid not.

I really can’t agree with you.

(3)表示不完全赞同的常用语：

Yes, maybe. You may be right.

2.希望和愿望

I wish to see you again. I hope to become a doctor.

I hope it stays fine. I hope so. I hope not.

3.表扬和鼓励

(1)表扬和鼓励：

Very good! Well done! Wonderful! Excellent!

You speak English very well. You dress is beautiful.

Come on! You can do it!

(2)应答：

Thank you. OK, I’ll try it again.

三.情感

1.高兴

How wonderful/nice! I’m happy.

I’m pleased to know that.

2.惊奇

Really? Oh, dear! Is that so? What a surprise!

How nice to see you! I’m surprised.

3.忧虑

What’s wrong? What’s the matter? Anything wrong?

What should we do? Are you worried about them?

4.安慰

Don’t be afraid. Don’t worry. It’ll be all right/OK.

5.满意

Good! Well done! Perfect! That’s fine.

That’s better. That’s good enough.

I’m pleased with your spoken English.

6.遗憾

I’m so sorry. It’s a great pity.

What a pity! That’s too bad.

7.同情

I’m so sorry about your illness.

I’m sorry to hear that.

8. 恐惧

Help! How terrible! I’m afraid of that dog.