2024年1月24日发(作者：)

自考00015英语(二)高频词汇

自考本科段英语(二)高频词汇总结

第一单元

一.常考单词:

1、goal [g?ul] 目标，目的;进球得分;球门

2、objective [?b?d?ektiv] 客观的，真实的

3、accomplish [??k?mpli?] 完成(任务),

4、predict [pri?dikt] 预言，预测;预告

5、accompany [??k?mp?ni] 陪伴(同);伴随;为...伴奏(唱)

6、implement [?implim?nt] 使生效，履行，实施

7、tendency [?tend?nsi] 趋向，趋势

8、achievement [??t?i:vm?nt] 成就，成绩;达到，完成

9、argue [?ɑ:gju:] 争论(吵,辩) vt.主张;说服

10、budget [?b?d?it] 预算

11、define [di?fain] 给…下定义

12、entity [?entiti] 实体

二. 常考词组

1、in the way 挡路;碍事

2、in part 部分地，在某种程度上

3、point of view 观点

4、to put oneself in somebody’s place 设身处地

5、to apply for 申请

6、in hand 手头上有

7、to turn down 拒绝;调小或调低;翻下

三. 常考句子:

1) A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of

action that are

available.

2) Often managers must make a best guess at what the future will be

and try to leave

as little as possible to chance.

3) If there is no choice，there is no decision to be made.

4) For managers every decision has constraints based on politics，procedures，laws，

precedents and the like.

5) For example，managers sometimes treat problems in an either/or

fashion. 6) Decision makers must have some way of determining which of

several alternatives is

best - that is，which contributes the most to the achievement of

organizational goals.

7) In the larger scheme of things，however，increased funding for

research to improve

the products might be more beneficial to the organization. 8) Some

of these objectives are more important than others，but the order and

degree

of importance often vary form person to person and from department

to department.

第二单元

一.常考单词:

1、escape

2、explode

3、Collapse

4、Shrink

5、Gravity

6、Measurement

7、basis

8、launch

9、convincing

10、companion

11、speculation

12、swallow

13、operate

二. 常考词组

1、to make use of

2、a great many

3、above all

二. 常考句子:

1) Astronomers and scientists think that a black hole is a region of

space into which

matter has fallen and from which nothing can escape. 2) The theory

is that some stars explode when their density increases to a particular

point.

3) Some people think that the Start of Bethlehem could have been a

supernova.

4) If a man fell into a black hole，he would think that he reached

the center of it very

quickly.

5) It is only recently that astronomers have begun specific research

into black holes.

6) On the other hand，scientists have suggested that every advanced

technology could

one day make use of the energy of black holes for mankind. 第三单元

1.常考单词:

1、weaken

2、deteriorate

3、debate

4、legal

5、request

6、criterion

7、ensure

8、oppose

9、tradition

10、consideration

11、disabled

12、burden

13、vulnerable

14、prohibition

15、sensitive

二. 常考词组

1、to debate on

2、to make request for

3、be opposed to t

4、o take „ into account

三. 常考句子:

1) Affected with a serious disease，van Wendal was no longer able to

speak clearly and

he knew there was no hope of recovery and that his condition was

rapidly deteriorating.

2) Van Wendel's last three months of life before being given a

final，lethal injection

by his doctor were filmed and first shown on television last year in

the Netherlands.

3) The programme has since been bought by 20 countries and each time

it is shown，it

starts a nationwide debate on the subject.

4) What those people who oppose euthanasia are telling me is that

dying people haven't

the right.

第四单元

一.常考单词:

1、demestic

2、statistics

3、diplomat

4、exploit

5、campaign

6、execute

7、convict

8、despite

9、deserving

10、shelf

11、minimum

12、status

13、deport

二. 常考词组

三. 常考句子

1) There are estimated to be more than 20，000 overseas domestic

servants working in

Britain.

2) Of these 20，000，just under 2，000 are being exploited and

abused by their employers. 3) The sad condition of women working as

domestics around the world received much media

attention earlier this year in several highly publicized cases. 4) A

Filipino maid was executed in Singapore after being convicted of

murder，despite

protests form various quarters that her guilt had not been

adequately established.

5) She used to work for a very low wage at a tea factory in Sri

Lanka. 6) Because she found it difficult to feed her four children，she

accepted a job working

as a domestic in London.

7) So if they do complain，they risk being deported.

第五单元

一.常考单词

1、Musician

2、rhythmic

3、distinct

4、consciousness 5、originate 6、readily

7、instrument 8、electronic 9、thereby

10、passive

11、participant 二. 常考词组

1、to take place 2、to take over 3、to take on 4、in a sense 5、at a

stretch 6、to serve as 7、in advance 8、for the sake of 三. 常考句子

1) The new music was built out of materials already in existence.

2) Folk music，old and modern，was popular among college students.

3) They freely took over elements form jazz，from American country

music.

4) With records at home，listeners imitated these lighting effects

as best they could.

第六单元

一.常考单词

1、efficiency 2、increasingly 3、install

4、personnel

5、expose

6、reduction

7、completion 8、specific

9、switch

10、critical

11、intensity

12、scale

13、defective

二. 常考词组

1、in that

2、in question plenty of

三. 常考句子

1) Most of today's robots are employed in the automotive industry，where they are

programmed to take over such jobs as welding and spray painting

automobile and truck

bodies.

2) Robots，already taking over human tasks in the automotive field

are beginning to be

seen，although to a lesser degree，in other industries as well.

3) The robots used in nuclear power plants handle the radioactive

materials，preventing

human personnel from being exposed to radiation.

4) Robots differ from automatic machines in that after completion of

one specific task

they can be reprogrammed by a computer to do another one.

5) Engineers skilled in microelectronics and computer technology are

developing

artificial vision for robots.

6) With the ability to “see”，robots can identify and inspect one

specific class of

objects out of a stack of different kinds of materials.

7) Anyone wanting to understand the industry of the future will have

to know about

robotics.

第七单元

一.常考单词

1、research

2、attach

3、underlie

4、relevant

5、positive

6、possession

7、desirable

8、relaxation

9、occupation

10、urban

11、acquire

12、participation

二. 常考词组

1、be concerned with

2、be relevant to

3、to set „ as objective

三. 常考句子

1) People in advanced industrial societies are increasingly

concerned with opportunities for leisure.

2) The importance people attach to paid holidays and the rapid

development of services

for mass entertainment and recreation are signs of this increasing

concern. 3) The specific use of leisure varies from individual to

individual.

4) Since leisure is basically self-determined，one is able to take

to one's interests

and preferences and get involved in an activity in ways that will

bring enjoyment

and satisfaction.

5) Basically，such attitudes amount to a recognition that leisure is

an important area

of life and a belief that Leisure can and should be put to good use.

6) For example，the degree to which and the ways in which a school

encourages participation in games，sports and cultural pursuits are

likely to contribute to the shaping of leisure attitudes on the part of

the students.

7) Schools usually set as their educational objective the attainment

of a balanced development of the person.

8) The more seriously this is sought，the more likely positive

attitudes towards leisure as well as academic work will be encouraged.

第八单元

一.常考单词

1、flight

2、negotiation

3、transport

4、overcome

5、internal

6、external

7、rhythm

8、feasible

9、assumption

10、promote

二. 常考词组

1、effect on

2、to blame„ on

3、to advantage

4、now that

5、out of step

6、to leave „ alone

三. 常考句子

1) The problem of Jet Lag is one every international traveler comes

across at some time. 2) The effects of rapid travel on the body are

actually far more disturbing than we

realize.

3) He later blamed his poor judgement on Jet Lag.

4) Now that we understand what Jet lag is，we can go some way to

overcoming it.

5) The other belongs in our internal clocks which，left alone，would

tie the body to

a 25 hour - yes，25 - rhythm.

6) In time the physiological system will reset itself，but it does

take time.

7) One reason for this discrepancy is that different bodily events

are controlled by

different factors.

8) It is not feasible to wait four days until the body is used to

the new time zone.

第九单元

一.常考单词

1、classify

2、approximate

3、proportion

4、appreciation

5、acknowledge

6、alter

7、lengthen

8、wealthy

9、neglect

10、expectation

二. 常考词组

1、to approximate to

2、resistance to

3、to cope with attribute „ to

三. 常考句子

1) Nation classified as “aged” when they have 7percent of more of

their people aged

65 or above.

2) The nearer a society approximates to zero population growth，the

older its population

is likely to be - at least，for any future that concerns us now.

3) The older you are now，of course，the greater this proportion

will be，and greater

still if you are a woman.

4) If you are now in your thirties，you ought to be aware that you

can expect to live

nearly one third of the rest of your life after the age of 60.

第十单元

一.常考单词

1、election

2、vote

3、certainty

4、loyalty

5、decline

6、democrat

7、strategy

8、pursue

9、impact

10、headquarters

11、economy

12、stir

13、congress

14、representative

二. 常考词组

1、to identify„„as impact on

三. 常考句子

1) Candidates try to project a strong leadership image.

2) Whether voters accept this image，however，depends more on

external factors than on

a candidate's personal characteristics. 此句注意主语从句作主语。

3) A year later，with the nation's economy in trouble，Bush's

approval rating dropped

below 40 percent.

4) Candidates are particularly concerned with winning the states

which have the largest

population.

5) Clinton received only 43 percent of the popular vote in 1992，compared with Bush's

38 percent and Perot's 19 percent.

第十一单元

一.常考单词

1、disorder

2、irrelevant

3、misleading

4、irresponsible

5、eventual

6、replace

7、partly

8、undergo

9、suitable

二. 常考词组

1、to do research into

2、be central to

3、be irrelevant to

4、to aim for

5、When it comes to 当提到 „ 的时候

三. 常考句子

1) The use of animals has been central to the development of

anaesthetics. 2) Animal research is irrelevant to our health and it can

often produce misleading

results.

3) People and animals are different in their reactions to drugs and

in the way their

bodies work.

4) It would be completely irresponsible and unethical to use drugs

on people that had

not been thoroughly tested on animals.

5) The eventual aim of computer modeling is to reduce the number of

animals used in

experiments.

6) Many other new techniques are now available that enable more

research to be done in

the test tube to see if chemicals produce harmful biological effects.

7) The number of animals used in laboratory tests has declined over the

last 20 years. 8) This is partly due to alternatives and partly to the

fact that experiments are better

designed so fewer need to be used.

9) Professor David Morton of the department is involved in animal

research and is

concerned with reducing animal suffering as much as possible. 10)

This includes keeping them in more suitable cages. (include 后面接动名词作宾语。)

11) In the US，one experiment in nerve regeneration involves cutting

a big nerve in a

rat's leg.(involve 后面接动名词作宾语。)

12) When it comes to research into heart disease and its effects on

the body，or diseases

of the brain for example，we do not have adequate substitutes for

the use of animals. 第十二单元

一.常考单词

1、symptom

2、intellectual

3、detail

4、initial

5、inventor

6、confront

7、sensitivity

8、reflection

9、creativity

10、character

11、trace modest

12、investment

二. 常考词组

1、to substitute „ for

2、be contrary to

3、to put off

4、be confronted with

5、to gaze at

6、be unaware of

7、to impress„on

8、be free from

9、be beneficial to

10、Go beyond 表示“超越 „，不仅仅是 „ ”

三. 常考句子

1) At its best，daydreaming was considered a compensatory substitute

for the real things in life.

2) There are always those who would substitute fantasy lives for the

rewards of real

activity.(para.2)

3) Most people suffer from a lack of daydreaming rather than an

excess of it. (para.2) 4) Not only are they less able to deal with the

pressure of day-to-day existence，but

also their self -control and self-direction become endangered.

(para.2) 5) But its beneficial effects go beyond this. (para. 3)

6) Historically，scientists and inventors are one group that seems

to take full advantage of relaxed moments.(Take advantage of 利用)

7) Whenever confronted with a task which seemed too hard to be dealt

with，he would stretch out on his laboratory sofa and let fantasies

flood his mind. (para.7)

8) Picture yourself as winning and that will contribute remarkably

to success.

9)The important thing to remember is to picture these desired

objectives as if you had

already attained them.

第十三单元

一.常考单词

一、compel

1、voluntary

2、undertake

3、coincide manual

4、efficiency

5、compulsion

6、division

7、eliminate

8、boring

9、amusement

二. 常考词组

1、so far as „knows

2、to coincide with

3、attitude toward

4、to go in for

三. 常考句子

1) He cannot be really happy if h is compelled by society to do what

he does not enjoy

doing.

2) Whether a job is to be classified as labor or work depends，not

on the job itself，but on the tastes of the individual who undertake it.

3) The difference does not，for example，coincide with the difference

between a manual

and a mental job.

4) So that it is natural for him to imagine that the fewer hours he

has to spend laboring，and the more hours he is free to play，the better.

第十四单元

一.常考单词

1、device

2、compassion

3、grab

4、belonging

5、threatening

6、convince

7、foster

8、persuasion

9、avail

10、suspect

11、profound

二. 常考词组

1、to convince sb.

2、to do sth.

3、to comment on

三. 常考句子:

1) It was a microcassette found in Kathleen Weinstein's shirt pocket

that not only led

police to her alleged killer but also revealed the New Jersey

teacher to be a woman

of extraordinary courage and compassion. 本句是个强调句，另外注意

found 的用法

2) It was there，police believe，that Weinstein was able to activate

the recorder she

kept in her bag. (本句是强调句。)

3) Weinstein's body，with hands and feet bound，was discovered by a

hiker on March17.

4) But before she died she somehow slipped the microcassette into

her pocket without

her killer knowing it. 第十五单元

一.常考单词:

1、solely

2、content

3、sensible

4、persist

5、vital

5、logic

6、evaluate

7、raw

8、ultimate

9、functional

10、extension

11、undue

12、concrete

13、conquer

14、error

15、prolong

16、technician

17、proof

18、possess

二. 常考词组

1、to pull down

2、to mistake„for

3、to distinguish between 4、to come to terms with 5、to end in

6、to reflect on

7、to come about

8、to speculate on

三. 常考句子:

1) Electronic brains can reduce the profusion of dead ends involved

in vital research. 2) Nor do they connect a man to the things he has to

be connected to - the reality of

pain in others.

3) The reason these matters are important in a computerized age is

that there may be

a tendency to mistake data for wisdom.

4) For the danger is not so much that man will be controlled by the

computer as that

he may imitate it.