2024年1月24日发(作者：)

NO.8293637383946474849EnglishList of drawingConstruction specificationIndexed drawingProcess piping & instrument flow diagram(PID)Equipment listEquipment layout Plot planKey planPiping arrangement drawingNozzle's directional diagramSpecial installation diagram for equipmentfoundation bolt listPiping speciality listPiping special parts drawingPiping hanging drawingPiping hanging special drawingInsulation constructional detailPiping tablePaint and insulation liatComprehensive list of materialEngineer design specificationPiping class listKey for isometric piping drawingIsometric piping drawingSteam tracing listSteam tracing flow diagramTypical equipment data sheetSpecial valve and piping fitting data sheetProcess purchase documentsketch drawingFlow balance diagramProcess flow diagram(PFD)Utility balance diagram(UFD)Block flow diagramUtility balance diagram(UBD)Plot planGeneral arrangementGeneral plot planPlanning drawingPiping study drawingPiping routing study drawingUnderground piping drawingReference drawingTypical drawingVendor’s drawingAs-built drawingModelLine scheduleCalculation sheetsingle line diagramChinese图纸目录施工说明书首页图管道仪表流程图设备一览表设备布置图分区索引图管道布置图设备管口方位图特殊设备安装图设备地脚螺栓表管道特性一览表特殊管件图特殊管架图管道支架安装图绝热结构图管段表设备及管道油漆保温一览表综合材料表工程设计规定管道等级表管道轴测图索引管道轴测图伴热管表伴热系统图定型设备数据表特殊阀门和管道附件数据表工艺请购文件条件图物料平衡图工艺流程图公用工程流程图框图公用工程物料平衡图平面布置图立面布置图总图规划图管道研究图管道走向研究图地下管道图参考图通用图制造厂图竣工图模型管线表计算书单线图第 1 页，共 36 页

5657585966676869767778798687888996979899100appendixtowerself-supported towertray towerpacked towerspray towerScrubberAbsorberCooling towerFractionating towerDistillating towerinternalstraybubble cap trayperforated trayvalve trayuni-flux trayripple traydeckweirdowncomerseal potdraw-off potseal pantray support ringPall ringweep holepackingRasching ringintalox saddledistributordemisterfeed deflectervortex breakercartridgepumpTurbine pumpVortex pumpcentrifugal pumpJet pumpRotary pumpInline pump【】Vacuum pumpPlunger pumpreciprocating pumpDouble action reciprocating pumpMetering pumpDeep well pumpGear pumpHand pump,Wobble pump【HA.P】mixed-flow pump第 2 页，共 36 页附件塔自支承塔板式塔填料塔喷淋塔洗涤塔吸收塔冷却塔精馏塔蒸馏塔内件塔盘泡罩塔盘筛板塔盘浮阀塔盘单流向式塔盘波纹塔盘塔盘板溢流堰降液管密封槽取液槽密封盘塔盘支承环鲍尔环泪孔填料拉希环矩鞍形填料分布器除沫器进料挡板防涡流挡板内筒泵涡轮泵涡流泵离心泵喷射泵转子泵管道泵真空泵柱塞泵往复泵（活塞泵）双作用往复泵计量泵深井泵齿轮泵手摇泵混流泵（斜流泵）

648648149150151axial pumpdisplacement type pumprotary pumpregenerative pumpwater ring vacuum pumpScrew pumpDiaphragm pumpSubmerged pumpPeristaltic pumpMud pumpRaw material pumpCirculating pumpTransfer pumppump efficiencycavitationcavitation coefficientnet positive suction head【NPSH】FlowHead of deliverycompressor【COMPR】centrifugal compressorreciprocating compressorMultistage compressorscrew compressoraxial compressorturbocompressorrefrigeratorfanblowerturboblowerturbofanmulti-blade fanpropeller fan(1)roots blower(2)two-lobe blowercompressor efficiencyclearance volumnclearance pocketunloadersurgingintercooleraftercoolersnubber【SNR】heat exchangerCondenser【CONDEN】CoolerEvaporatorHeater【HTR】Electric heatersheet and tube heat exchangerfixed tube sheet heat exchanger第 3 页，共 36 页轴流泵容量泵旋转泵再生泵水环真空泵螺杆泵隔膜泵液下泵蠕动泵泥浆泵原料泵循环泵输送泵泵效率气蚀气蚀系数净正吸入压头流量扬程压缩机离心式压缩机往复式压缩机多级压缩机螺杆式压缩机轴面压缩机涡轮压缩机冷冻机风机鼓风机涡轮式鼓风机涡轮风机多叶片风机旋桨式风机罗茨鼓风机罗茨鼓风机压缩机效率间隙容积隙囊减压器湍振中间冷却器后冷却器（二次冷却器）缓冲器、掏槽眼、减震器换热器冷凝器冷却器蒸发器加热器（炉）电加热器管壳式换热器固定管板式换热器

59759759200201202floating head type heat exchangerU-tube type heat exchangerkettle type heat exchangerdouble tube type heat exchangerirrigation coolercoil type heat exchangerbayonet type heat exchangerplate type heat exchangerspiral heat exchangerjacket type heat exchangergraphite heat exchangerair-cooled heat exchangerheat transfer areaoverall heat transfer coefficientfilm coefficientlogarithmic mean temperature difference(LMTD)mean temperature difference(MTD)fouling factortube arrangementtriangular arrangementrotated triangular arrangementsquare arrangementrotated square arrangementoutside tube limittubebaffle platechannelpass partition platefloating headimpingement baffletube bundletube sheettube-to-tube sheet jointferruleReactorFixed bed reactorShell and tube reactorFluidized bed reactorReacting kettle,reactive stillSynthesis converterdirect-fired heaterBox furnaceCylindrical furnaceBoilerWater tube boilerWaste heat boilerExhaust gas boilerMulti-fuel fired boilerRotory kilnheat dutyheat release第 4 页，共 36 页浮头式换热器U形管式换热器釜式换热器套管式换热器冲洗式冷却器蛇管式换热器插管式换热器板式换热器螺旋板式换热器夹套式换热器石墨换热器空冷式换热器换热面积总传热系数境膜传热系数对数平均温差平均温差污垢系数布管图三角形排列转角三角形排列正方形排列转角正方形排列最大布管图换热管折流板管箱分程隔板浮头防冲挡板管束管板管子与管板的连接管接头反应器固定床反应器列管式反应器流化床反应器反应釜合成塔加热炉箱式炉圆筒炉锅炉水管锅炉废热锅炉排气锅炉混和染料锅炉回转炉热负荷热负荷

22222722822923423523623723823924424524624724824925heat lossefficiency of heaterheat fluxtube skin temperaturevolumetric heat releaseradiant sectionconvection sectionshield sectionbridge wallexposed wallshielded walltube support(1)heater tube(2)furnace tubeextended surface tube(1)header(2)header boxreturn bendcrossoverdraftfluedamperstackburnerexcess airwind box(1)observation door(2)peep dooraccess doorexplosion doorsoot blowerpainter trolleyceramic fiberfire brickinsulation fire brickinsulation boardcastablelinking anchorlintelexpansion joint【】Flarevesseldrumtank(1)spherical tank(2)ball tankfloating roof tankcone roof tankdome roof tankdouble wall tankwet gas holder第 5 页，共 36 页热损失加热炉效率热流率管壁温度体积热负荷辐射段对流段屏蔽段坝墙暴露墙屏蔽墙管支承炉管炉管扩大表面管联箱联箱回弯头管群间连接管通风烟道（烟道）挡板烟囱烧嘴过量空气风箱观察孔观察孔检修孔防爆门吹灰器油漆清车导轨陶瓷纤维耐火砖保温耐火砖保温板可铸耐火材料衬里支撑炉壁横梁膨胀节、补偿器 火炬容器槽、罐贮罐球罐球罐浮顶罐锥顶罐拱顶罐双壁罐湿式气柜

254255256257258259264265266267268269274275276277278279284285286287288289294295296297298299304dry gas holderHelical gas-holderpond(1)silo(2)binhoppershell【S.】reducing sectionheadellipsoidal head(1)dished head(2)torispherical headhemispherical headconical headflat headreinforcing ringjacketmanhole【MH】hand holeinspection holenozzlepad nozzleforged nozzlereinforcing padtell-tale holevessel supportskirtlegsupport lugbase blockbase ringgusset platecompression ringsaddletemplateacess openingpipe sleevelugclipearth luglifting lugplatform【PF】ladderinsulation supportdavitmanhole hingevent nozzlebreather valve【BR.V】gauge hatchMaterial handlingConveyer第 6 页，共 36 页干式气柜螺旋式气柜地池料仓料仓料斗壳体、壳程变颈段封头椭圆形封头碟形封头碟形封头半球形封头椎形封头平封头加强圈夹套人孔手孔检查孔接管凸缘锻制接管补强板信号孔容器支座裙座支腿支耳底座基础环筋板压环鞍座模板通道套管连结板予焊件接地板吊耳平台、操作台梯子保温支承吊柱人孔绞链放空口呼吸阀计量口起重运输设备输送机

33325326327328329334335336337338339344345346347348349354355Belt conveyerChain conveyerPan conveyerContinuous flow conveyerPneumatic conveyerWeight ratio of solid to gasScrew conveyerVibrating conveyerRoller conveyerBucket elevatorTable feeder(1)constant feeder(2) constant feed weigherPacking machineSewing machineHeat sealerHoistChain blockOverhead craneMotor hoistBridge craneJib craneGantry craneCar dumperHand cartRecluimerShovel loaderShip loaderShip unloaderStackerPalletizerDepalletizerFork lift truckLoading armshaftbearingbearing housingshaft couplingpulleyV-beltturning equipmentlubrication(1) lubricating oil(2)lube oilsealshaft sealpackingstuffing boxoil film sealseal oilmechanical seal第 7 页，共 36 页带式输送机链式输送机平盘输送机粉体输送机气力输送机混和比螺旋输送机振动输送机滚轴输送机斗式提升机平台给料机定量给料机定量给料机包装机缝袋机热封口机卷扬机倒链，葫芦天车电动葫芦桥式起重机悬臂起重机龙门起重机倾倒卸货机手推车贮存场装载输送机铲式装料机起运载重机起运卸货机堆积机码垛机卸垛机叉车鹤管轴轴承轴承箱联轴节滑轮V形皮带（三角皮带）转动设备润滑润滑油润滑油密封轴封填料函填料箱油膜密封油封机械密封

356357358359364365366367368369374375376377378379384385386387388389394395396397398399404405406gearcrankshaftconnecting rodcrossheadcylindercylinder linercylinder valuepistonmetallic packingsoleplatebaseplateplungercasingrotorbalance pistonlabyrinthimpellersleevewearing ring(1)latern ring(2)seal cagePlatform scalesPlatform balanceWeighbridgeElectron balanceOrbit weighing apparatusLifting hook balanceAutomatic packaging unitLiquid pouring unitSmooth auto-feederDosing belt weigherConstant feed weigherCrusherMillDisintegratorCentrifugeFilter pressLeaf filterDrum filterBelt filterPan filterPrecoat filterFlakerCoating drumBlenderKneaderKneading mill(1)agitator(2)stirrerPelletizerDrum granulator第 8 页，共 36 页齿轮曲轴连杆十字头气缸缸套气缸阀活塞金属填料予埋板基座柱塞箱体（壳体）转子平衡活塞迷宫密封叶轮轴套耐磨环灯笼环灯笼环磅秤台秤地中衡电子称轨道衡吊钩称自动包装机液体灌装系统均匀自动给料机带式计量称定量给料称粉碎机碾磨机破碎机离心分离机板框式压滤机叶滤机转鼓过滤机带式过滤机盘式过滤机预涂助滤剂的过滤机刨片机包裹筒混料机捏和机捏和搅拌机搅拌机搅拌机造粒机圆筒式造粒机

444427428429434435436437438439444445446447448449454455456457Pan granulatorPastillatorExtruderMolding machineSpecific crushing capacityCrushing ratioGrindabilityScreenCut sizeMeshDust collecting efficiencyRe-entraimentFilter mediumFilter cakeEquilibrium moisture contentCritical moisture contentVolumetric heat transfer coefficientThermal efficiencyDust collector(1)air cleaner(2)air filterCycloneMulticlone (MC)DecanterFilterDryerRotary dryerFluidized bed dryerPneumatic conveying dryerBand dryerSpray dryerMixerDrum mixerPug mixerFlaring equipmentElevated flare stackGround flareMolecular sealFluidic sealMotorInternal combustion engineSteam turbinePiston turbineCentrifugal turbineProcess stream 【P】Process gas【PG】Process liquid【PL】Process solid【PS】Air【A】Acid【AC】Acidily gas【ACG】第 9 页，共 36 页平板式造粒机造粒机挤压机成型机比粉碎能力粉碎比粉碎性筛网切裁尺寸丝网集尘效率再飞散过滤介质滤饼平衡含水率临界含水率体积传热系数热效率集尘器空气过滤器空气过滤器旋风分离器多管式旋风分离器澄清器过滤器干燥器转盘式干燥器流化床干燥器气流干燥器带式干燥器喷雾干燥器混和器圆筒式混和器捏土混和器燃烧装置火炬烟囱地面燃烧分子筛密封液封电动机内燃机汽轮机活塞式透平机离心式透平机工艺物料工艺气体工艺液体工艺固体空气酸、酸液酸性气体

458459464465466467468469474475476477478479484485486487488489494495496497498499508Acidily liquid【ACL】Acidily sewage【ACS】Additive【AD】Ammonia【AM】Gaseous ammonia【AMG】Liquid ammonia【AML】Ammonia water【AMW】Blow down【BD】Brine【BR】Boiler feed water 【BW】Steam condensate【C】Caustic【CA】Caustic gas【CAG】Caustic liquid【CAL】Caustic sewage【CAS】Catalyst【CAT】Chilled water【CHW】Chlorine【CL】Chemicals【CM】Clean sewage【CNS】Cooling oil【CO】Carbon dioxide【COO】Contaminated rain and sewage【CRS】Chilled salt water【CSW】Cooling transfer material【CTM】Cooling water【CW】Cooling water return【CWR】Cooling wtaer supply【CWS】Dealkalized water【DAW】Demineralized water【DEW】 Drain【DR】Domestic water【DW】Exhaust air【EA】Ethane(or ethylene)refrigerant【ER】Exhaust steam【ES】Flare exhaust【F】Fuel gas【FG】Flue gas【FLG】Filtrated water【FLW】Fuel oil【FO】Foaming solution【FOS】Freon refrigerant【FR】Fused salt【FT】Fire water【FW】Gland oil【GO】Gased water【GW】Hydrogen【H】Hydrochloric acid【HA】High pressure condensate【HC】Heating oil【HO】High pressure steam【HS】第 10 页，共 36 页酸性液体酸性污水添加剂氨氨气（作制冷剂）液氨（作制冷剂）氨水排污盐水锅炉给水蒸汽冷凝液碱、碱液碱性气体碱性液体碱性污水催化剂冷水（0℃以上）氯化学品洁净下水冷却油二氧化碳污水下水(雨水、冲洗水等）冷冻盐水（0℃以上）冷载体冷却水冷却水回水冷却水上水脱碱水（除盐水系统）除盐水（脱盐水）排水、排液生活用水、饮用水排出空气乙烷（或乙烯）冷冻剂排出蒸汽 火炬排放气燃料气烟道气过滤水燃料油泡沫液氟里昂冷冻剂熔盐消防水填料油加气水、溶气水氢气盐酸高压蒸汽凝液热油、加热油、热载油高压蒸汽

55525526527528529534535536537538539544545546547548549554555556557558559Heat transfer material【HTM】Hot water【HW】Hot water return【HWR】Hot water supply【HWS】Hydraulic liquid【HYL】Hydraulic oil【HYO】Hydraulic water【HYW】Instrument air【IA】Intermediate cooling water【ICW】Industrial and domestic water【IDW】Inert gas【IG】Industrial sewage【IS】Industrial water【IW】Low pressure condensate【LC】Liquid drain【LD】Lubricating oil【LO】Low pressure steam【LS】Medium pressure condensate【MC】Methane refrigerant【MR】Medium pressure steam【MS】Nitrogen【N】Natural gas【NG】Oil【OL】Oily sewage【OS】Oxygen【OX】Plant air【PA】Propane(or propylene)refrigerant【PR】Polished water【PW】Refrigerant【R】Raw water【RAW】Rain water and clean sewage【RCS】Rain water【RW】Steam【S】Sulphuric acid【SA】Sea water【SEW】Soft water【SFW】Sealing liquid【SL】Sealing oil【SO】sanitary sewage【SS】Sludge, Slurry【SU】Sealing water【SW】Treated waste water【TW】Vacuum exhaust【VE】vent gas【VG】Water 【W】Waste acid【WAC】waste caustic【WCA】waste gas【WG】waste liquid【WL】Waste oil【WO】waste solid【WS】第 11 页，共 36 页热载体热水热水回水（采暖、加热等）热水给水（采暖、加热等） 液压液体液压油液压水仪表空气冷却水二次用水生产和生活用水惰性气体生产污水（泛指生产过程产生）生产用水低压蒸汽凝液排液（泛指工艺）润滑油低压蒸汽中压蒸汽凝液甲烷冷冻剂中压蒸汽氮气天然气油（泛指除原料外的油）含油污水氧气工厂空气丙烷（或丙烯）冷冻剂精制水冷冻剂、冷媒、制冷剂原水雨水及清净下水雨水蒸汽硫酸海水软水(软化水)密封液密封油生活污水污泥、泥浆密封水处理后的废（污）水真空排放气放（排）空气体水废酸废碱废气废液废油废渣

564565566567568569574575576577578579584585586587588589594595596597598599608609610Waste water【WW】Heat transfer mediaHeating mediumCooling mediumPolymerization initiatorPolymerization promoterActivatorPolymerization modifierPolymerization inhibitorCorrosion inhibitorInhibitorStabilizerMonomerPolymerHomopolymerCopolymerMaster powderSolutionEmulsionSuspensionLatexSlurryMother liquorNaphthaHeavy oilBTXP-P fractionC3 fractionB-B fractionAtmospheric residueLong residueVacuum residueShort residueLight-endHeavy endSolventLean solventRich solventExtractRaffinateReformateLNG(liquefied natural gas)LPG(liquefied petroleum gas)Dry gasSour gasSweet gasNOxSOXSynthesis gasConverted gasMolecular sieve第 12 页，共 36 页废水（各种污水统称）传热介质载热体（热媒）冷却介质（冷媒）聚合引发剂促聚剂活化剂聚合调整剂阻聚剂防腐剂抑制剂稳定剂单体聚合物均聚物共聚物母料溶液乳浊液悬浊液胶乳淤浆母液石脑油重油芳香烃P-P馏分C3馏分B-B馏分常压残渣久沸残渣减压残渣蒸馏残渣轻馏分重尾馏分溶剂贫溶剂富溶剂萃取提余液重整产品液化天然气液化石油气干气酸性气无硫气氮氧化物硫氧化物合成气转换气分子筛

666627628629634635636637638639644645646647648649654655656657658659660661(1)activated alumina(2)active aluminaVapor pressureCritical temperatureCritical pointCritical pressureSpecific heat【SP HT】Latent heatHumidityDensity【D】Specific gravity【SP GR】API gravityViscosity【VISC】Kinetic viscosityViscosity indexSpecific viscosityPour pointCloud pointFreezing pointMelting point(1)concentration(2)content(1)color(2)hue(1)smell(2)ordorFlash point【】Ignition pointHeating value(1)octane number(2)O-value(3) O-ratingCharacterization factorPONA analysisDoctor test(1)iodine number(2)i-valueBromine numberCarbon residueCopper corrosion testDistillation curveAngle of reposeCoefficient of wall frictionParticle densityPowder densityParticle size distributionTerminal velocityMatch line[M.L]Center line【C.L(φ）】Battery limit[BL]Area limit第 13 页，共 36 页活性铝（氧化铝）活性铝（氧化铝）蒸汽压临界温度临界点临界压力比热潜热湿度密度比重API重度粘度动力粘度粘度指数比粘度倾点云点凝固点融点浓度浓度颜色颜色气味气味闪点引火点热值辛烷值辛烷值辛烷值特性系数PONA分析博士法试验碘值碘值溴值焦碳残渣铜板腐蚀试验蒸馏曲线安息角壁面磨擦系数颗粒密度粉体密度粘度分布末端速度接续线中心线装置边界区界

662663664665666667668669674675676677678679684685686687688689694695696697698699712Zone limitPlant limitInside battery limit[I.S.B.L]Equipment ArrangementEquipment layoutElevation[EL]Top of beamTop of concrete【TOC】Top of steel[TOS]Top of support[TOS]Point of support[POS]East[E]West[W]South[S]North[N]UpDown【DN】Plant north【PN】True north【TN】Orientation【ORIENT】Hazardous area classificationFloor【FL】Platform[PF]Ground level【G.L】Hand railStairStair wayLadderPaving areaUnpaving areaGravel pavingRubberr pavingSteel structureYardBuildingRoadPipe rackStanchionPostColumn【COL】Foundation【FDN】BeamBracingGirderCable trayInstrument cable trayWallGrateGratingErection openingHoisting beam第 14 页，共 36 页区域边界工厂边界装置边界内侧设备布置设备布置标高，立面梁顶面混凝土顶面钢结构顶面架顶面支撑点东西南北上下工厂北向真实北向方位危险区划分楼面平台地面标高栏杆楼梯楼梯直梯铺砌区非铺砌区碎石铺面橡皮辅面钢结构场地建筑物道路管廊柱柱柱，塔基础梁斜撑桁架电缆槽（架）仪表电缆槽（架）墙篦子板篦子板吊装孔吊梁

7772572672772872973473573673773873974474574674774874975475575675775875976ShelterAbsolute elevation【】CoordinateOrigin of coordinate【OOC】Center line of dischargeCenter line of suctionTangent line【TL】Welding lineRevolutions per minute[RPM]Control roomEye washer stationFoam stationHose station[HS]Storage roomVentilating roomLocker roomTransformer roomSubstationMaintenance roomOfficeClosetAnalyzer roomCompressor house(room)Pump house (room)PanelLocal pannelElectrical pannelInstrument panelPiping designPiping studyPiping arrangement plan[PAP]Piping layoutDetailView "X"Section "A-A"Isometric drawing【ISO】List of nozzlesOffsiteAbove ground pipingUnder ground pipingLine numberHeader【HDR】By passCar seal close[C.S.C]Car seal open[C.S.O]Locked closed[LC]Locked open[LO]Normally openNormally closedSampling connectionTracing pipe第 15 页，共 36 页棚绝对标高坐标坐标原点出口中心线入口中心线切线焊接线转/分控制室洗眼站泡沫站软管站储藏室通气室更衣室变压器室配电室维修室办公室盥洗室分析室压缩机房泵房盘（操作盘）就地盘电气盘仪表盘管道设计管道研究管道布置平面管道布置详图“X”视图“A-A”剖面轴测图管口表界外地上管道地下管道管线号总管、主管、集合管旁路未经允许不得开启未经允许不得关闭在关闭状态下锁定在开启状态下锁定常开常闭取样接口伴热管

764765766767768769774775776777778779784785786787788789794795796797798799812813814Steam tracing【.】Hot-water tracingElectrical tracingJacketed lineScaleFigure【FIG.】Sketch【SK】LegendSymbol【SYMB】Part numberMedium pressure[M.P.]Low pressure[L.P]High pressure[H.P.]【HPT】Atmosphere[ATM]Vacuum【VAC】Operating pressureWorking pressureDesign pressure【DP.】Operating temperatureDesign temperature【DT.】Ambient temperatureDegree【DEG】Centigrade[C]Fahrenheit[F]Fixed saddleSliding saddleInlet【IN】Suction【SUCT】OutletDischarge【DISCH】ExhaustDrain【DRN】VentSump pitCatch BasinTroughPiping trenchFloor drainCat walkWalk wayFuture areaHandhole[HH]SewerNozzleConnectionConductNozzle orientationDirectionLocationIntersectionPerpendicular第 16 页，共 36 页蒸汽伴热热水伴热电拌热夹套管比例图草图、示意图图例符号、信号件号中压低压高压大气压真空工作压力工作压力设计压力工作温度设计温度环境温度度、等级摄氏华氏固定鞍座滑动鞍座进口、入口吸入、入口出口排料、出口、排出排出口排液放空污水坑（井）集水池沟槽管沟地漏小过道走道，过道预留区手孔下水管管口连接，接头导管管口方位方向位置相交垂直，正交，垂直的

88827828829834835836837838839844845846847848849854855856857858859864865Parallel【PAR】Top of pipe[TOP]Bottom of pipe[BOP]Bottom of trenchFlat on bottom[FOB]Flat on top[FOT]Horizontal【HOR】Vertical【VERT】RiserMaterial specification breakInsulation breakPiping classPiping material specificationNominal (pipe) size[DN]Nominal diameter[DN]Nominal pressure[PN]Class[CL]Pounde per square inch[Psi]Kilograms per square centimeter[kg/cm2]Million pascal[Mpa]piping attachmentPiping componentPiping elementCorrosion allowanceSpoolSpool pieceStraight pipeBendFitting to Fitting[FTF]Horizontal installationVertical installationFace to face[F-F]Center to center[C-C]Center to end[C-E]Center to face[C-F]SymmetricOppositeDistanceSlopeWorking point[W.P.]Line spacingLine spanMaximum[Max.]Minimum[Min]Approximate[APPROX]AreaVolume[VOL]Diameter[D][DIA]Radius[R]Outside diameter[OD]Inside diameter[ID]第 17 页，共 36 页平行，平行的、并联的管顶管底沟底底平面顶平面水平的垂直的，立式的上升管，垂直管等级分界隔热分界管道等级管道材料规定公称直径公称直径公称压力等级磅/平方英寸公斤/平方厘米百万帕斯卡管道附件管道组成件管道元件腐蚀裕量管段，短管管段，短管直管弯管管件直连水平安装垂直安装面至面中心至中心，中至中中心至端面中心至面对称的相反的，对面的距离坡度工作点管间距管道跨距最大最小大约面积体积、容量、卷、册直径半径外径内径

8668678688698748758768778788798848858868878888898948958968978988999916Bolt circle[B.C.]ClearanceDimension【DIM】Height【H】Thickness[THK]Length【L】Width【WD】DepthMeter[m]Millimeter[mm]Feet/foot[FT]Inch[IN]Standard pipe supportTypical pipe supportCantilever supportTriangular supportL-type supportPole type supportSupport -on-wallAdjustable supportSleeperSpecial supportResting support【RS】Sliding supportAnchorGuideHanger【H】Spring supportConstant hangerRolling supportSnubberDamping deviceDash pot【DA.P】ShoeClampClevisLugShear lugEarStrap clampRibStiffenerBase plateTop plateEmbedded partInserted plateShimClip (on equipment)LeverWood blockGate valve【G.V】第 18 页，共 36 页螺栓圆直径间隙，净空尺寸、因次高度厚度长度、段、节、距离宽度深度米毫米英尺英寸标准管架通用管架悬臂架三角架L型管架柱式管架墙架可调支架管墩，低管架特殊管架支承架滑动架固定架导向架吊架弹簧架恒力吊架滚动支架减振器减振装置缓冲筒（器）管托管卡U形夹（卡）支耳止动挡块吊耳带状卡筋，肋加强板底板顶板预埋件预埋件垫板（安装垫平用）预埋件（设备上）杠杆木块闸阀

9925926927928929934935936937938939944945946947948949954955956957958959964965966967Globe valve【GL.V】Throttle valve【TR.V】Angle valveBall valve【BA.V】Butterfly valve【BTF.V/BV】Plug valve【P.V】Diaphragm valce【DP.V】Check valve【C.V】Safety valve[SV]Flush-botttom tank valveSolenoid valveSteam trap【T】Automatic air vent valveReducing valve【RV】Regulating valveBodyDiscBonnetStemTrimHand wheelHandleElectric motor operatorPneumatic operatorSpur gear operatedBevel gear operatedWrench operatedPipeTubeSteel pipeCast iron pipeLined pipeCarbon steel[C.S] pipeStainless steel pipeSeamless [SMLS] steel pipeWelded steel pipeGalvanized steel pipeWater-gas steel pipePlastic pipeGlass tubeRubber tubeWall thickness[WT]Schedule number[]Extra heavy【XH】Double extra heavy【XXH】Elbow【ELL】Reducing elbowLong radius elbow【LRE】Long radius returnShort radius elbow【SRE】Short radius return第 19 页，共 36 页截止阀节流阀角阀（角式截止阀）球阀蝶阀旋塞阀隔膜阀止回阀安全泄气阀罐底排污阀电磁阀蒸汽疏水阀自动放气阀减压阀调节阀阀体阀盘阀盖阀杆阀芯（包括密封圈、杆等）手轮手柄电动操纵器气动操纵器正齿轮传动伞齿轮传动扳手操作管子（标准规格的配管用管）管子（不按标准规格的其他用管）钢管铸铁管衬里管碳钢管不锈钢管无缝钢管焊接钢管镀锌钢管水煤气钢管塑料管玻璃管橡胶管壁厚壁厚系列号加强的、加厚的双倍加强（厚）的弯头异径弯头长半径弯头长半径180°弯头短半径弯头短半径180°弯头

9689699749759769779789799849859869879889899949959969979989991018Tee【T】Reducing teeStraight teeCrossStraight crossReducing crossReducer【RED】Concentric reducer【/C.R.】Eccentric reducerCouplingUnion【UN】Cap[C]PlugNipple【NIP】StrainerY-type strainerT-type strainerEye washer and shower【ERW】Sight glass【SG】Flame arresterSprayerEjectorSample cooler【SC】Silencer【SLR】bellow expansion jointHose connection[HC]Quick coupling【Q CPLG】Metal hoseRubber hoseFunnelFigure 8 blindRestriction orifice【RO】Rupture diskSteel pipe flangeThread flangeSlip-on [so] flangeSocket welding flangeLap joint flange[LJF]Weld neck flange[WNF]BlindWelding plate flangePressure rating classPressure-temperature ratingFlat face[FF]Raised face[RF]Male face[MF]Female face[FM]【FMF】Tongue faceGroove faceRing joint faceBolt第 20 页，共 36 页T型、三通异径三通等径三通四通等径四通异径四通异径管、减压器、还原器同心异径管偏心异径管管接头活接头、联合、结合管帽堵头短管、管接头、螺纹管接头粗滤器Y型粗滤器T型粗滤器洗眼器及淋浴器视镜阻火器喷头喷射器取样冷却器消音器波纹膨胀节软管接头快速接头金属软管橡胶管漏斗8字盲板限流孔板爆破片钢管法兰螺纹法兰滑套法兰（平焊法兰）承插焊法兰松套法兰对焊法兰法兰盖板式平焊法兰压力级压力-温度等级全平面，满平面突面凸面凹面榫面槽面环连接面螺栓

1Hexagonal head boltStub bolt【SB】Foundation boltSelf tapping screwExpansion boltCoarseFineNutHexagonal nutWasherMetallic gasketNon-metallic gasketO-ringLens gasketInsulation【INS】thermal insulationhot insulationCold insulationEquipment insulation scheduleInsulation codeDesign of insulationInsulation for stable operatinginsulation structurePersonnel protection【】Fire-proofingAnti-sweatWinterizingSound protectionHot insulation materialCold insulation materialasbestos【ASB.】Diatomaceous earthRock woolGlass woolMagnesium carbonateCalcium silicatePerliteCork boardsHair feltFoam polystyreneRigid foam urethaneRigid foam rubberMasticAnti-abrasion coating materialLagging clothHexagonal wire nettingCaulking material(1) jacketing sheet(2) cover sheetCorrugated aluminum sheetPrecoated galvanized sheet第 21 页，共 36 页六角头螺栓双头螺柱地脚螺栓自攻螺钉膨胀螺栓粗制的精制的螺母六角螺母垫圈金属垫片非金属垫片O型环透视垫隔热、绝缘、隔离隔热保温保冷设备绝热表绝热符号保温设计正常操作所用的保温隔热结构人身防护、人员保护防火层防结露防冻防音保温材料保冷材料石棉硅藻土岩棉玻璃棉碳酸镁硅酸铝珍珠岩软木板毛毡泡沫聚氨酯硬泡沫氨基甲酸乙酯硬泡沫橡胶玛碲脂耐磨损材料管壳铁丝网填缝材料保护层保护层波纹铝板有色镀锌钢板

470Butt strapZ-jointColour-codeMunsell notationIdentification of piping systemExternal coating【EC】PaintVarnish【VRN】(1) anti-corrosive paint(2) rush-proof paintAluminum paintPrimerAcid-proof paintAlkali-proof paintHeat-resisting paintThermo-paintInsulating varnishSurface preparationpaintingCathodic protectionShaped steelAngle steelChannelI-BeamWide Flanged beamT-BarSquare barFlat barRound steelStrap steelPlateCheckered platesteel【STL.】special steelalloy steellow alloy steelhigh alloy steelstainless steel【S.S.】martensitic steelaustenitic steelheat-resisting steelhigh tensile steeltough and hard steelcase hardening steelcase steelspecial cast steelironcast iron【C.I.】special cast ironalloy cast ironhigh grade cast iron第 22 页，共 36 页搭板Z型接头色标孟塞尔色系管道识别色防腐层油漆清漆防腐漆防腐漆含铝漆底漆耐酸漆耐碱漆耐热漆测温漆绝缘漆表面处理涂漆阴极保护型钢角钢槽钢工字钢宽缘工字钢或H钢T型钢方钢扁钢圆钢钢带钢板网纹钢板钢特殊钢合金钢低合金钢高合金钢不锈钢马氏体钢奥氏体钢耐热钢高强度钢高韧性钢表面渗透钢铸钢特殊铸钢铁铸铁特殊铸铁合金铸铁高级铸铁

3695847369581spheroidal graphite ironmalleable cast ironcopperbronze【BRZ.】special bronzealuminum bronzesilicon bronzephosphor bronzebrass【BRS.】aluminum brasstinned brasscopper nicklenickel copper alloyMonel metalInconelInconel20 alloystellitecolmonoyanti-friction metalbearing metalbabbit metalwhite metalKelmetsoldersilver solderclad steellining【LND】coatingoverlaysurfacinghomogen lininghard-facingmetallikonmetallizingplatingcementationparkerizinganodizingBoehmite treatmentpassivationdiffusion hardeningnitridingcase hardeningstrengthductilitytoughnessbrittlenessshortnesslow temperature brittlenesscold shortness第 23 页，共 36 页珠墨铸铁可锻铸铁铜青铜特殊青铜铝青铜硅青铜磷青铜黄铜铝黄铜镀锡黄铜白铜镍锡合金蒙乃尔合金铬镍铁合金耐热镍铬铁合金20合金钨铬钻合金铬化硼系化合物耐磨金属轴承合金巴氏合金白色金属油膜轴承合金钎料银钎料复合钢衬里镀层涂复层镀面均质衬里表面硬度金属喷涂喷漆金属电镀渗入处理磷酸盐被膜处理阳极氧化处理勃母石处理钝化扩散硬化渗氨渗碳硬化强度延性韧性脆性脆性低温脆性冷脆

47369583692notch brittlenessred shortnessred brittlenesstemper brittlenesstransition temperatureblue shortnessblue brittlenesswork hardeningprecipitation hardeningstrain agingquench agingsensitizentiongraphitizationtransformationprecipitationcrystallizationisothermal transformationintermediate structuretime-temperature-transformation diagramconstant cooling transformation diagramrecrestallizationsegregationintermetallic compoundnon-metallic inclusioningotbilletdie castioncentrifugal castingchill castingplastic workingcold workinghot workingwarm workingforgingrollinghot rollingcold rollingdrawingextrudingnormalizingannealinghomogenizingfull annealingstress relief annealinglow temperature annealingspherodizingprocess annealingquenchingdifferential quenchingtemperingrefining第 24 页，共 36 页缺口脆性热脆性热脆性回火脆性转变温度蓝脆性蓝脆性加工硬化沉淀硬化应变实效淬火实效敏化石墨化处理变态析出结晶恒温变态中间组织恒温变态曲线连续冷却相变图再结晶偏析金属间化合物非金属夹杂物钢锭钢坯压铸件离心铸件冷硬铸件塑性加工冷加工热加工温加工锻造轧制热轧冷轧拨制挤压正火退火扩散加热完全退火消除应力热处理低温退火球化处理中间退火，低温退火淬火部分淬火回火调质

584736958473isothermal heat treatmentsub-zero treatmentagainwarm hardeningsolution annealingmacrostructuremicrostructuredendritic structurecolumnar structureacicular structurelamellar structurestreak flawwrinkle seamroll burstforge burstwhite spotflakefish eyeghost linecrackquenching cracksulphur crackhair crackmicrocrackmicrofissurelongitudinal cracktransverse crackdelayed crackingseason crackingsoft spothard spotlaminationblisterblowholepin holecorrosiongeneral corrosioncrevice corrosionpittinggalvanic corrosioncontact corrosionintergranular corrosionfretting corrosionknife line attackerosionerosion corrosiondezincificationstress corrosion crackingcaustic embrittlementhydrogen embrittlementhydrogen attack第 25 页，共 36 页恒温热处理低温处理时效处理人工硬化固熔化处理宏观组织微观组织，显微组织树枝状组织柱状组织针状组织层状组织条状裂痕折缝轧裂轧裂白点白点鱼眼幻影线裂纹淬裂硫裂纹细裂纹，发裂微裂纹微裂纹纵向裂纹横向裂纹延迟裂纹季裂软点硬点分层砂眼气孔针孔腐蚀全面腐蚀间隙腐蚀点蚀电化学腐蚀接触腐蚀晶间腐蚀摩擦腐蚀刀切腐蚀侵蚀侵蚀腐蚀脱锌应力腐蚀裂纹碱蚀致脆氢脆氢腐蚀

6958472584hydrogen blisteringenvironmental stress crackinghigh temperature corrosionhigh temperature oxidationsulfidationnitrificationcarburizationvanadium attackdew point corrosionplasticssynthetic resinthermo-plastic resinthermo-setting resinreinforced plasticselastomerfoamnatural rubber (NR)synthetic rubbersilicon resinfluoroplasticsfluorocarbonspolyvinycholride resin (PVC)polyethlene resinpolypropylene resinpolyester resinNylonepoxy resinfuran resinpolyvinylidene chloride resinpolyurethane resinacrylic resinurea resinmelamine resinceramicspotteryporcelaincermetsimpervious carbonglass【GL】vermiculitenon-metallic materials1. composite material2. compositeferrous metalnon-ferrous metalcarbon steel【C.S.】alloy steelProcess design notesDesign basisPower of attoneyTask letter第 26 页，共 36 页氢气泡环境应力裂纹高温腐蚀高温氧化硫化硝化渗碳钒腐蚀露点腐蚀塑料合成树脂热塑性树脂热固性树脂强化塑料合成橡胶泡沫塑料天然橡胶合成橡胶硅胶氟塑料氟塑料聚氯乙烯树脂聚乙烯树脂聚丙烯树脂聚脂树脂尼龙环氧树脂呋喃树脂聚偏二氯烯树脂聚氨基甲酸脂树脂丙烯酸树脂脲醛树脂三聚氰胺树脂陶瓷陶器磁器陶磁合金抗渗透玻璃蛭石非金属材料复合材料复合材料黑色金属有色金属碳钢合金钢6.1工艺设计说明6.1.1设计依据委托书任务书

736958473695ContractAgreementExamine and approve documentMinutes of meetingFaxProcess notesModified contentOn-stream principleThe principle of stoppingDesign scopeDevice compositionProject nameDevice codePiping design notesSectoring situationSerial number of sectionDrawing number of key planLegendAbbreviative wordMaterial suppliesSupplied scopePiping standardsTechnical documents number for purchaseSpecial requirementsMatters need attention for equipment installationEquipment hoistingSlip plateSpring seatingStow-wood for cold insulation equipmentEquipment supportPiping installingConstruction standardPiping gradePiping classificationPiping weldingPreheatingWelding postheat treatmentStress relievedWelding gradeCold spring【CS】Back run of threadTemporary gasketTracing piping installingTemporary filterDefend guard netPressure testHydraulic testingPneumatic testingGas leak testVisual testingNon-destructive testing第 27 页，共 36 页合同协议书审批文件专题会议纪要来往传真6.1.2工艺说明修改内容开车原则停车原则6.1.3设计范围装置组成工程名称装置代号6.2管道设计说明6.2.1分区情况各区编号索引图号6.2.2图例缩写词6.2.3材料供应供应范围管子标准采购技术文件号特殊要求6.2.4设备安装注意事项设备吊装滑动板弹簧座保冷设备垫木设备支架6.2.5管道安装施工规范管道等级管道分类管道焊接预热焊后热处理消除应力焊接等级冷紧螺纹封焊临时用垫片伴热管安装临时过滤器防虫网压力试验水压试验气压试验气密性试验外观检查无损检验

8473694736X-ray radiographyUltrasonic testMagnetic particle testDye penetrant inspectionPiping sweepingUnderground piping installingNon-metallic piping installingPipe supportPipe support standardPlant prefabricategrounding for static-electricityHeat and sound insulation design notesInsulation materialThermal conductivityMechanical strengthDensityEnd-ues temperature scopeWater absorptionRefractory performanceOutside coatingMatic weatherproof coatingFinishing cemnetMetal jacketingGlass(fiber)clothGalvanized ironAluminum sheetInsualtion compositionCorrosion protection design notesPainting scopePainting nameFinishing coatBottom coatAntirust paintAlkyd enamelPhenolic paintBituminous paintPolyurethane paintOrhanic silicon paintEpoxy resin paintEthylene perchloride paintInorganic zinc-rich paintPainting outside the underground pipingPainting inside the pipingAir drive【A】Analysis【A】Anchor【A】Austenitic stainless steel【A.S.S.】Absolute【ABS】Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene【ABS】Advanced certified final【ACE】Adapter【ADPT】第 28 页，共 36 页X射线照相超声波探伤磁粉探伤着色渗透试验管道吹扫埋地管线安装非金属管道安装6.2.6管架管架标准工厂预制6.2.7静电接地6.3隔热、隔声设计说明6.3.1隔热材料导热系数机械强度容重使用温度范围吸水率耐火性能6.3.2外保护层玛 脂保护层水泥抹面金属保护层玻璃布镀锌铁皮铝板6.3.3隔热结构6.4防腐设计说明6.4.1涂漆范围6.4.2涂料名称面漆底漆防锈漆醇酸瓷漆酚醛漆沥青漆聚氨酯漆有机硅漆环氧树脂漆过氯乙烯漆无机富锌漆6.4.3埋地管道外防腐6.4.4管道内防腐气力（空气）驱动分析固定奥氏体不锈钢绝对的丙烯睛-丁二烯-苯乙烯先期确认图纸资料连接头

958473695847Approved for construction【AFC】Approved for design【AFD】Approved for planning【AFP】Angle【AGL】Angle valve【AGL.V】American Iron and Steel Institude【AISI】Altitude【ALT】Aluminum【ALUM.】Alloy steel【.】Amount【AMT】American National Standards Institude【ANSI】American Petroleum Institude【API】American Society of Mechanical Engineers【ASME】Asphalt【ASPH.】American Society of Testing Material【ASTM】Automatic【AUTO】Average【AVG】American Wire Gage【AWG】American Welding Society【AWS】American Water Works Association【AWWA】Buyer【B】By buyyer【B.B.】Between cenetrs【B.C】Bolt circle【B.C.】Bell end【B.E.】By instrument【】Bench mark【B.M】Bursting pressure【B.P】boiling point【】By seller【B.S】By vendor【B.V】Back to back【B/B(B-B)】Barometer【BAR】Bolted bonnet【BB】Beveled end-beveled end【B-B】Barrel【BBL.(bbl)】Bolted cover(cap)【BC】Blowdown valve【BD.V】Beveled end(for welding)【BE】Both ends plain【BEP】Both ends threaded【BET】Battery limit【BL】Block valve【BLC.V】Blind【BLD】Bill of material【BOM】Bottom【BOT】Back pressure【BP】Belveled end-plain end【B-P】Burner【BUR】Butt weld【BW】Birmingham Wire Gage【BWG】第 29 页，共 36 页批准用于施工批准用于设计批准用于规划设计角度角阀（角式截止阀)美国钢铁学会高度、海拔铝合金钢总量、总数美国国家标准学会美国石油学会美国机械工程师学会沥青美国材料试验协会自动的平均的、平均值美国线规美国焊接协会美国水工协会买方、买主买方供货二者中心之间（中心踞）螺栓中心圆直径承口由仪表（专业）负责基准点、水准爆破压力沸点由卖方负责由制造厂（卖主）负责背至背气压计、气压表螺纹连接的阀盖两端为坡口端桶、桶装螺栓连接的阀盖（帽）泄料阀、排污阀坡口端（焊接用）两端平两端带螺纹界区线范围、装置边界切断阀挡板、盲板材料表、材料单底背压坡口端-平端燃烧器、烧嘴对焊伯明翰线规

3695836958Catch basin【C.C】Closed drain【C.D】Clean out【C.O】Cast steel【】Cellulose acetate butyrate【CAB】Client change notice【CCN】Cement lined【CEM LND】Centrifugal【CENT】Ceramic【CERA.】Certified final【CF】Center of gravity【CG】Condensate header【CH】Chain operated【】Circulate【CIRC】Circumference【CIRC.】Clearance【CLNC】Conduit【CND】Condensate【CNDS】Containued on drawing【COD】Coefficient【COEF】Combination【COMB】Combustion【COMBU】Concentric【CONC】Concrete【CONC.】Condition【COND.】Connect, connecting【CONN】Control【CONT】Control valve【CONT.V】Continued【CONTD】Copper【COP.】Chlorinated polyether【CPE】Couping【CPLG】Consolidated piping material summary sheet【CPMSS】Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride【CPVC】Car secl close【CSC】Car secl open【CSO】Casting【CSTG】Center【CTR】Cylinder【CYL】Driver【D】Drinking fountain【D.F.】Dew point【】Damper【DAMP】double【DBL】Design condition【DC.】Detail design issue【DDI】Drain funnel【DF】Design flow【DF.】Distribute header【DH】Distribution【DISTR】Division【DIV】第 30 页，共 36 页雨水井（池）、集水井）密闭排放清扫口、清除（口）铸钢醋酸丁酸纤维素用户变更通知衬水泥的离心式、离心力、离心机陶瓷最终确认图纸资料重心冷凝液收集管链条操纵的循环圆周间距、容积、间隙水管、导管、管道冷凝液连续图系数组合、联合燃烧同心的混凝土条件、情况连接、管接头控制控制阀连接、续铜、紫铜氯化聚醚连轴器、管箍、管接头综合管道材料表氯化聚氯乙烯关闭状态下铅封（未经允许不得开启）开启状态下铅封（未经允许不得关闭）铸造、铸件、浇注中心钢瓶、汽缸、圆柱体驱动机、发动机喷嘴式饮水龙头露点调节挡板双、复式的设计条件详细设计版排液漏斗设计流量分配管（蒸汽分配管）分配部分、分割、隔板

473695847369Nominal diameter【DN】Drive【DR.】Directional stop【DS】Design【DSGN】Design specification summary sheet【DSSS】Diverting valve(reversing valve)【DV.V】Drawing【DWG】Drawing number【DWG NO.】Combustion engine【E】Gas engine【E】Electric furnace【E.F】Emergency shutdown system【E.S.S】Eccentric【ECC】Eccentric reducer【ECC RED】Electric fusion welded【EFW】Electricity, electric【ELEC】Emergency【EMER】Enclosure【ENCL】Explosion proof【EP】Ethylene propylene diene monomer【EPDM】Ethylene propylene rubber【EPR】Equation【EQ】Equipment【EQUIP】Electric resistance welded【ERW】Estimate【EST】And so on(ET CETERA)【etc】Effective tube length【ETL】Exhaust【EXH】Existing 【EXIST】Expansion【EXP】Exchanger【EXCH】Floor drain【F.D】Fire hose【F.H】Freezing point【】Forged steel【】Field weld【F.W.】Flush-bottom valve【FBT.V】Fail closed【FC】Flanged and dished【FD】Flanged end【FE】Flat faced(full face)【FE】Flat head【FH】Fail indeterminate【FI】Fail locked(last position)【FL】Flexible tube【】Flange【FLG】Flanged 【FLGD】Flanged face【FLG.F】Fusion gas welding【FGW】Fail open【FO】Fix point【FP】第 31 页，共 36 页公称（名义）通径驱动，传动定向限位架设计设计规定汇总表换向阀图纸、制图图号内燃机燃气机电炉紧急关闭系统偏心的、偏心器（装置）偏心异径管电熔焊的电、电的事故、紧急外壳、罩、围墙防爆乙烯丙烯二烃单体乙丙橡胶公式、方程式设备、装备电阻焊估计等等有效管长排气、抽空、取尽现有的、原有的膨胀换热器地面排水口、地漏消防水龙带冰点锻钢现场焊接罐底排污阀故障（能源中断）时阀关闭法兰式的和碟形的法兰端部平面（全平面、满平面）平盖故障（能源中断）时阀处任意位置故障（能源中断）时阀保持原位挠性管法兰法兰式的法兰面气熔焊故障（能源中断）时阀开启固定点

5847258470Flap check valve【FPC.V】Fireproof【FPRF】Flushing supply【FS】Flush valve【FS.V】Foot valve【FT.V】Fitting【FTG】Gage【GALV】Generator【G(GENR)】Grey cast iron【】Gear operator【】Galvanize【GALV】General【GEN】Gas matal arc welding【GMAW】Governor【GOV】Grade【GR】Gross weight【】Ground【GRD】group【GRP】Gas supply【GS】gasket【GSKT】(Inert)Gas tungstem arc welding【GTAW】Hand control【H.C.】High-carbon steel【H.C.S.】High pressure【H.P.】Heat affected zone【HAZ】Hose(hoxe) connection【HC.】Half coupling【】Hand control valve【HCV】Highest(higher)【HH】High liquid level【HLL】Hydraulic supply【HS】High silicon cast iron【HS.C.I】Hose valve【HS.V】High temperature【HT】Hydraulic operator【HYR】That is(id est)【i.e】Ignitor【IGR】Input【IN】Instrument【INST】Instrument valve【INST.V】Installation【INSTL】Intermittent【INTMT】Job number【JOB NO】Joint【JT】Jack screw【JS】Knuckle radius【KR】Low【L】Low-carbon steel【L.C.S.】Low pressure【L.P.】Load ratio【L.R】Lift check valve【LC.V】第 32 页，共 36 页翻板止回阀防火冲洗源冲洗阀底阀管件表、表压、规（线规）发动机、发生器灰铸铁齿轮操作器电镀、镀锌一般的、通用的、总的金属极惰性气体保护焊调速器等级、度总（毛）重地面组、类、群气体源垫片、密封垫惰性气体保护钨极电弧焊手工操作（控制）高碳钢高压热影响区软管连接、软管接头半接管接头手动控制阀最高（较高）高液位液压源高硅铸铁软管阀高温液压操纵器即、也就是点火器输入仪表、仪器仪表阀装置、安装间歇的、断续的项目号接头顶开（起）螺栓转向半径低低碳钢低压载荷比升降式止回阀

3695847369581large end plain【LEP】Large end thread【LET】Level glass【LG】Liquid【LIQ】Lap joint 【LJF】Lowest(lower)【LL】Low liquid level【LLL】Line blind【】Line-blind valve【LNB.V】Low point【LPT】Long redius【LR】Large tongue & groove【LTG】Letter【LTR】Lubricant【LUB】Motor(motor actuator)【M】Male and female【M&F】Medium-carbon steel【M.C.S.】Malleable iron【M.I.】Middle(medium)pressure【M.P.】Martensitic stainless steel【M.S.S.】Mineral wool【M.W】Machine【MACH】Material【MATL】Middle(medium)【MDL(M)】Molecular weight【MOL WT】Motor operated valve【MOV】material take-off【MTO】Minimum wall【MW】Normally closed【N.C】Nodular cast iron(nodualr graphite iron)【N.C.T.】Nomally open【N.O】Needle valve【N.V】Net weight【N.W】Nominal bore【NB】American national coarse thread【NC】American national fine thread【NF】Normal interface level【NIL】Normal liquid level【NLL】No pocket【】Norminal【NOM】Normal【NOR】Nozzle【NOZ】American standard straight pipe thread【NPS】National pipe size【NPS】Net positive suction head available【NPSHA】Net positive suction head required【NPSHR】American standard taper pipe thread【NPT】Nitrogen supply【NS】Number【NUM】Out to end【O/O(O-O)】Operating condition【OC.】第 33 页，共 36 页大端为平的大端带螺纹玻璃管（板）液位计液体搭接最低（较低）低液位管道盲板管道盲板阀低点长半径大榫槽符号、字母、信润滑油、润滑剂电动机、电动执行机构凹凸面中碳钢可锻铸铁中压马氏体不锈钢矿渣棉机器材料、物质中间的、正中分子量电动阀材料统计最小壁厚正常状态下关闭球墨铸铁正常状态下开启针形阀净重公称孔径美国标准粗牙螺纹美国标准细牙螺纹正常界面正常液位不允许出现袋形名义上的、公称的正常的、正规的、标准的喷嘴、接管嘴美国标准直管螺纹国标管径、公称管径净（正）吸入压头有效值净（正）吸入压头必需值美国标准锥管螺纹氮源号码、数目总尺寸、外廓尺寸操作条件、工作条件

47369473692One end threaded【OET】Operating flow【OF.】Operating pressure【OP.】Operating【OPER】Opposite【OPP】Outside radius【OR】Orifice【ORF】Outside battery limit【OS.B.L】Operating temperature【OT.】Plug【P】Piping and instrument diagram【P&ID】Permanent filter【P.F】Pig iron【.】Pipe support【】Polyamide【PA】Piping arrangement plan【PAP】Piping assembly,piping layout【PAP】Paragraph【PARA】Polybutylene【PB】Push button【PB】Push button station【PB STA】Polycarbonate【PC】Plain end【PE】Polyethylene【PE】Plug【PG】Point of intersection【PI】Plate【PL】Plastic【PLS】Polymethel methacrylate【PMMA】Pressure rating(nominal pressure)【PN】Pinch valve【PN.V】Pneumatic【PNEU】Polyolefin【PO】Polypropylene【PP】Pressure【PRESS(P)】Polystrene【PS】Pounds per square inch Absolute【PSIA】Pounds per square inch gage【PSIG】Project status report【PSR】Purchasing specification summary sheet【PSSS】Point【PT】piston type vlave【PT.V】Polytetrafluoroethylene【PTFE】Polyvinyl chloride【PVC】Polyvinyl chloride lined【PVC LND】Poly vinylidene fluoride【PVDF】Quick closing valve【QC. V】Quick opening valve【QO.V】Quantity【QTY】Rodding connection【R.C】relative humidity【R.H.】一端带螺纹操作流量操作压力操作的、控制的、工作的相对的、相反的外半径孔板、小孔装置边界外侧操作温度堵头管道仪表流程图永久过滤器生铁管架聚酰胺管道平面布置管道平面布置段、节、款聚丁烯按钮控制（按钮）站聚碳酸酯平端聚乙烯塞子、丝堵交叉点板、盘塑料聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯公称压力夹套式胶管阀（用于泥浆）气动的、气体的聚烯烃聚丙烯压力聚苯乙烯磅/英寸2（绝）磅/英寸2（表）项目进展情况报告订货单、采购说明汇总表点柱塞阀聚四氟乙烯聚氯乙烯聚氯乙烯衬里聚偏二氟乙烯快闭阀快开阀数量棒桶口（孔）相对湿度第 34 页，共 36 页

584736958473Radiator【RAD】Receptacle【RECP】Reference【REF】Regenerator【REGEN】Revision【REV】Smooth raised face【RFS】Ring joint【RJ】relief valve【RL.V】Rupture piece(disk)【RP】Revolutions per second【RPS】Rising stem【RS】Removable spool piece【RSP】Rubber lined【RUB LND】Sample【S】Seller【S】Special(traced)【S】Security eye washer【】Security eye washer sprayer【.S】Set point【S.P.】Set pressure【S.P.】Security sprayer【S.S】Structural tee【】Sampling valve【SA.V】(Automatic)Submerged arc welding【SAW】Screwed【SCRD】Section【SECT】Small end plane【SEP】Small end thread【SET】Shock absorber【】Slide valve【SL.V】Shielded metal arc welding【SMAW】Seamless【SMLS】Swaged nipple【SN】Swaged nipple【SN.】Steam out【SO.】Slip-on【SO】Slip-on flange【SOF】Special piece【SP】Static pressure【SP.】Specification【SPEC】Square【SQ】Short radius【SR】Styrene-rubber【SR】Steam supply【SS】Steam trace【ST】Steam turbine【ST.】Standard【STD】Small tonque & groove【STG】Steam【STM】Strainer【STR】Safety valve【SV】第 35 页，共 36 页辐射器、散热器贮罐、容器、仓库参考再生器修改光滑突面环行接头（环接）泄压阀爆破片转/秒升降式（明杆）可拆卸短管（件）衬橡胶取样口、取样点卖方、卖主特殊（伴管）安全洗眼器安全喷淋洗眼器设定点设定压力、整定压力安全喷淋器T型结构取样阀自动埋弧焊螺纹、螺旋剖面图、部分、章、节小端为平的小端带螺纹减振器、振动吸收器滑阀有保护的金属电弧焊无缝异径短管锻制螺纹短管蒸汽吹出（清除）滑套滑套法兰特殊件静压说明、规格特性、明细表方的、平方短半径苯乙烯橡胶蒸汽源蒸汽伴热蒸汽（透平）标准小榫槽面蒸汽过滤器安全阀

69583695811832Socket welded【SW】Switch【SW】Symmetrical【SYM】Top and bottom【T&B】Tube【T.】Temporary strainer【T.S】Top to bottom【T/B(T-B)】Trolley beam【TB】Threaded end【TE】Temperature【TEMP(T)】Tongue & groove【TG】Threaded【THD】Titanium【TIT.】Tangent line to tangent line【TL/TL(TL-TL)】Top of pipe【TOP】Top of support,top of steel【TOS】Turbine【TURB】Typical【TYP】Utility coupling【U.C】Utility flow diagram【UFD】Underground【UG(U)】Unit heater【UH】Valve【V】Vendor【V】Vitrified tile【V.T】Vacuum breaker【VBK】Vendor co-ordinative【VCM】Velocity【VEL】Vitreous【VIT】Vent connection【VT】Vent valve【VT.V】Vent hole【VTH】Weld branch【WB】Weld cap【WC】Weld end【WE】Weld line【WL】Work pressure【WP】Working load【】Wrought iron【W.T.】With equipment【WE】Weld neck flange【WNF】Weather proof【WP】Water supply【WS】Weight【WT.】X-ray【XR】Ectra strong【XS】Double extra strong【XXS】Yoeld point【YP】Pounds【LBS】承插焊的开关对称的顶和底管子、管程、管层临时过滤器顶到底吊车梁螺纹端温度榫槽螺纹的钛切线到切线顶、管顶架顶面、钢结构顶面透平机、涡轮机汽轮机典型的公用工程接口公用工程流程图埋地、地下单元加热器、供热机组阀制造商、卖主陶瓷质破真空（阀）厂商协调会速度玻璃状的、透明的放空放空阀放气孔、通气孔焊接支管焊接管帽焊接端焊接线工作压力工作荷载、操作荷载熟铁、锻铁随设备（配套）供货对焊法兰全天候、防风雨的水源重量X-射线加强的双倍加强的屈服点磅第 36 页，共 36 页